1. Landmark Supreme Court Cases

2. Marbury v. Madison (1803) Established the Supreme Courts right of Judicial Review (right to determine the constitutionality of laws) Established the Supreme Courts right of Judicial Review (right to determine the constitutionality of laws)

3. Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857) African Americans were not citizens. Slaves were the property of owners & could be taken anywhere Missouri Compromise unconstitutional

4. Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) Upheld the “separate but equal” doctrine. Upheld the “separate but equal” doctrine. Said the law did not conflict with the 13 th or 14 th amendments Said the law did not conflict with the 13 th or 14 th amendments

5. Brown v. Board of Education (1954) Ruled that separate educational facilities are inherently unequal & violate the 14 th amendment Overturns Plessy v. Ferguson

6. Schenck v. United States (1919) Established limits on free speech Established limits on free speech Rights are not protected if there is a “clear & present danger” to the nations security (ie shouting fire in a movie theatre) Rights are not protected if there is a “clear & present danger” to the nations security (ie shouting fire in a movie theatre)

7. Korematsu v. United States (1944) Forced relocation of Japanese Americans into internment camps was legal. In wartime the President can limit civil liberties.

8. Engel v. Vitale (1962) An official prayer in school violates the 1 st amendments rights to “freedom of religion.” Upholds the separation of church and state

9. Miranda v. Arizona (1966) Required that the accused be informed of their legal rights (ex. Remain silent, attorney, etc. ) Required that the accused be informed of their legal rights (ex. Remain silent, attorney, etc. ) Evidence obtained w/out this warning may not be used in court. Evidence obtained w/out this warning may not be used in court.

10. Roe v. Wade (1973) Right to Privacy State laws making abortions illegal were unconstitutional.

11. Gibbons v. Ogden (1824) Congress has the power to regulate interstate (between states) commerce. Congress has the power to regulate interstate (between states) commerce. States may only regulate intrastate commerce (within the state) States may only regulate intrastate commerce (within the state)