1. 1 Feb. 22, 2004AP* Retreat in KL Internet History - NSF’s international programs Feb. 22, 2004 Kazunori Konishi Konishi@jp.apan.net

2. 2 Feb. 22, 2004AP* Retreat in KL APAN Busan meeting http://apan.net/meetings/busan03/cs-history.htm Presentation Titles and Speakers: 1. Korea Kilnam Chon (Kaist, Korea) 2. Japan Kazunori Konishi (KDDI Lab, Japan) 3. Thailand Kanchana Kanchanasut (AIT, Thailand) 4. Singapore Lawrence Wong (NUS, Singapore)

3. 3 Feb. 22, 2004AP* Retreat in KL Brief History of the Internet 1969: ARPA was formed. (John F. Kennedy) 1970: ALOHAnet protocol (Norman Abramson) 1973: ARPAnet was extended to Europe 1973: Ethernet (Bob Metcalfe) 1974: TCP/IP protocol (Vint Cerf) 1979: UUCPnet & USENET (Mark Horton & Rick Adams) 1981: BITNET (IBM) 1983: TCP/IP was adopted by ARPAnet (Vint Cerf) CSNET was connected to ARPAnet (Larry Landweber) 1986: NSFNET with TCP/IP protocol (Larry Landweber)

4. 4 Feb. 22, 2004AP* Retreat in KL ICM (1990.12 – 1997.9) Steve Goldstein was in charge of the project, managed by Steve Wolff. Started from 128kbps to INRIA (France) Upgraded to 50Mbps, shared with UUnet Bob Collet @ Sprint made full use of the grant for the business of commercial ISP; most of research networks in Asia were connected to SprintLink. Total budget was $9.35M.

5. 5 Feb. 22, 2004AP* Retreat in KL Pre-HPIIS Steve made the presentation at INET’95 that new International Internet Services had been drafted for multiple awards. http://www.irbs.net/internet/nanog/9505/0052.html The target date of the solicitation was 1995.5-6, and the award was expected by the end of 1995. Management review was tough, and George Strawn helped the internal review process.

6. 6 Feb. 22, 2004AP* Retreat in KL HPIIS (1998.8 – 2004.7) Three awards: TransPAC$14M35Mbps => 5Gbps EuroLink$12M155Mbps => 20Gbps NaukaNet$8M6Mbps=> 155Mbps

7. 7 Feb. 22, 2004AP* Retreat in KL Dr. Steve Goldstein In NSF After Retiring

8. 8 Feb. 22, 2004AP* Retreat in KL TransPAC Transit services are widely provided to APAN members. Dual circuit topology & excellent NOC team enables ~100% availability. High performance experiments are conducted jointly by the scientists and NOC. => Three groups were awarded at SC2003. GbE link between APAN-JP and SURFnet has been installed via TransLight: GLIF Observatory project with enhanced services is being developed & deployed.

9. 9 Feb. 22, 2004AP* Retreat in KL HPII2’s Priorities Enable communication, cooperation and collaboration between the U.S. and international science and engineering, research and education communities Support and encourage continuing development of a coordinated rational international network architecture Enable experimentation with new technologies to insure that facilities remain at the leading edge Cooperate with NSF programs in scientific disciplines requiring special access to domain specific CI, data and collaborators Enhance connectivity to additional regions (e.g., Latin America, Africa) Success will to a great extend depend on partnerships with peer organizations and projects throughout the world!

10. 10 Feb. 22, 2004AP* Retreat in KL Summary HPIIS has developed intra-Asia connectivity, and has expanded the regional collaborations as well as the global joint projects. Science community is well supported, and is expanding the collaborations with USA, too. NSF recently granted Gloriad project, making up for the thin pipe between CN and JP. It is critical to establish a fat pipe between CN and JP, and the new plan was presented by a CRL executive at Joint Techs Workshop in Hawaii last month.

11. 11 Feb. 22, 2004AP* Retreat in KL Appendix Personal View 1. Regional cable systems & deregulation of telecom business help us study on APAN topology. 2. Collaboration between Gloriad and APAN/TransPAC is critical for NSF’s new solicitation.

12. 12 Feb. 22, 2004AP* Retreat in KL Fat Cables in Asia North Region : JP, KR, TW, CN EAC : 2.56Tbps FLAG : 2.4 - 3.8Tbps Whole Asia : North Region + SG + PH (+ MY) C2C : 7.68Tbps APCN2 : 2.56Tbps

13. 13 Feb. 22, 2004AP* Retreat in KL

14. 14 Feb. 22, 2004AP* Retreat in KL

15. 15 Feb. 22, 2004AP* Retreat in KL C2C

16. 16 Feb. 22, 2004AP* Retreat in KL APCN2

17. 17 Feb. 22, 2004AP* Retreat in KL Possible Hubs in Asia - my personal observation Deregulation of telecom business is critical for lost-cost international circuits. The following 3 cities are expected to be the main hubs in Asia: Tokyo: most trans-pacific cables are terminated. Hong Kong: gateway to China Singapore: many cables are landed.

18. 18 Feb. 22, 2004AP* Retreat in KL Collaborations between Gloriad and APAN/TransPAC 1.NSF CISE will announce the new solicitation of international Internet Services; Priorities are clarified. 2.NSF official informally asks to integrate two NSF projects, TransPAC and Gloriad into a single one.

19. 19 Feb. 22, 2004AP* Retreat in KL TransPAC – Gloriad with CJK Gigabit Links APAN GbE TransPAC 2.5Gbps x 2 10Gλx 2 in 2004 SL CERNET CSTNET 2.5Gbps SONET (2.5Gbps x 2 in future) GbE/SONET Converter WIDE DIX-6 apan WIDE DIX-4SINET JGN Genkai GbE KR Dragon Tap & CNGI XP Conv. JAPAN China 2.5Gbps SONET LA IPv6 GEIPv4 GE E over MPLS 6TNet BUPT This link will be used for Gloriad projects, too.

20. 20 Feb. 22, 2004AP* Retreat in KL Single Proposal from Asia NSF will grant only one proposal from Asia. CSTNET will use JP-CN 2.5Gbps link for APAN activities. Gloriad projects will be possible over APAN/ TransPAC links. The principal investigator of the new proposal will be discussed among IU, NCSA, Internet2, etc. APAN-JP will discuss on the single proposal with CSTNET/APAN-CN, in parallel with the discussion with & in USA.

21. 21 Feb. 22, 2004AP* Retreat in KL References 1.ICM: NSF Award #9024083 2.TransPAC: NSF Award #9730201 3.EuroLink: NSF Award #9730202 4.NaukaNet: NSF Award #9739330 & #0196478 5.L.H. Landweber: “NSF CISE Directorate” http://www.ncne.org/training/techs/2004/0125/presentations/0104- landweber1_files/frame.htm 6.T. Shiomi: “AP regional collaborations…” http://www.ncne.org/training/techs/2004/0125/presentations/0104-shiomi1.htm

22. 22 Feb. 22, 2004AP* Retreat in KL 朱鷺 Nipponia nippon Thanks!