1. Musculoskeletal Flash Cards Neck, trunk, & Pelvis
Prepared by: Feng-Yen Li
Supervised by: Kim Topp

2. Introduction Useful tips for usage:
These flashcards are meant to help you learn the movements of the muscles. They are most useful when you see how the movements makes sense in relation to the origin and insertion points.
For exam purposes, you only need to know (memorize) the action, innervation, and arterial supply of each muscle. But Italicized = do not need to know for exam.
The purple slides are summary slides (if applicable) of subsequent muscles. Use these to learn the common properties of groups of muscles.
Information about each muscle is also listed in the notes section under each picture slide.
The titles in table of contents are hyperlinked its slide, but you need to go into presentation mode to use the hyperlinks.

3. Acknowledgements Special thanks go to:
Kim Topp for reviewing all the slides for validity.
Daniel Orjuela and Paul Teresi for taking the cadaver pictures.
UCSF 2006 Curriculum Ambassador Program for funding this project.
UCSF 2006 Curriculum Ambassadors and Mentors for offering useful suggestions.
Members of the UCSF Class of 2009 for inspiring and supporting me to do this project.

4. Useful Websites Here are other useful sites to learn the muscles:
(shows each muscle in isolation)
(has many nicely labeled cadaver pictures)

5. Table of Contents Neck and Thorax Gluteal Region Scalenes
Sternocleidomastoid
Levator Scapulae
Splenius
Pectoralis Major
Pectoralis Minor
Serratus Anterior
Trapezius
Rhomboid
Latissimus Dorsi
Teres Major
Teres Minor
Infraspinatus
Supraspinatus
Deltoids
Gluteal Region
Illiopsoas
Gluteus Maximus
Gluteus Medius
Gluteus Minimus
Piriformis
Tensor Fasciae Latae

6. Neck and Trunk

7. Scalenes Origin Insertion anterior posterior middle anterior middle
Origin Cervical vertebrae
Insertion First two ribs
Action Flex + slightly rotate neck
Innervation Anterior primary rami of C5, 6; (Rami and trunks of brachial plexus passes between anterior and middle scalenes)
Arterial Supply (Subclavian vein passes anterior to anterior scalene; Subclavian artery passes posterior to anterior scalene)
middle
posterior

8. Scalenes Origin Cervical vertebrae Insertion First two ribs
Action Flex + slightly rotate neck
Innervation Anterior primary rami of C5, 6; (Rami and trunks of brachial plexus passes between anterior and middle scalenes)
Arterial Supply (Subclavian vein passes anterior to anterior scalene; Subclavian artery passes posterior to anterior scalene)

9. Sternocleidomastoid Insertion Origin Origin Manubrium, clavicle
Insertion Mastoid process
Action flex + rotate head
Innervation Accessory nerve (cranial nerve XI)
Arterial Supply Sternocleidomastoid artery

10. Sternocleidomastoid Origin Manubrium, clavicle
Insertion Mastoid process
Action flex + rotate head
Innervation Accessory nerve (cranial nerve XI)
Arterial Supply Sternocleidomastoid artery

11. Levator Scapulae Origin Insertion Origin Cervical vertebrae
Insertion Superior part of medial border of scapula
Action Elevates scapula
Innervation Dorsal scapula (C5) and cervical (C3 and C4) nerves
Arterial Supply Dorsal scapular artery

12. Levator Scapulae Origin Cervical vertebrae
Insertion Superior part of medial border of scapula
Action Elevates scapula
Innervation Dorsal scapula (C5) and cervical (C3 and C4) nerves
Arterial Supply Dorsal scapular artery

13. Splenius Origin Insertion Origin Thoracic vertebrae
Insertion Mastoid process
Action Extends and rotates head and neck
Innervation Dorsal rami
Arterial Supply Muscular branch of occipital artery

14. Splenius Origin Thoracic vertebrae Insertion Mastoid process
Action Extends and rotates head and neck
Innervation Dorsal rami
Arterial Supply Muscular branch of occipital artery

15. Pectoralis Major Origin Insertion
Origin Clavicle, sternum, 6th costal cartilage
Insertion humerus
Action Flexes, adducts, + medially rotates arm
Innervation Medial and lateral pectoral nerves
Arterial Supply pectoral branch of the thoracoacromial trunk

16. Pectoralis Major Origin Clavicle, sternum, 6th costal cartilage
Insertion humerus
Action Flexes, adducts, + medially rotates arm
Innervation Medial and lateral pectoral nerves
Arterial Supply pectoral branch of the thoracoacromial trunk

17. Pectoralis Minor Insertion Origin Origin 3rd to 5th ribs
Insertion coracoid process
Action Stabilizes scapula by drawing it inferiorly and anteriorly against thoracic wall
Innervation Medial pectoral nerves; clavicular head (C8 and T1)
Arterial Supply Pectoral branch of the thoracoacromial trunk

18. Pectoralis Minor Origin 3rd to 5th ribs Insertion coracoid process
Action Stabilizes scapula by drawing it inferiorly and anteriorly against thoracic wall
Innervation Medial pectoral nerves; clavicular head (C8 and T1)
Arterial Supply Pectoral branch of the thoracoacromial trunk

19. Serratus Anterior Origin Insertion Origin Ribs Insertion Scapula
Action protract + superiorly rotate scapula
Innervation long thoracic nerve
Arterial Supply lateral thoracic artery

20. Serratus Anterior Origin Ribs Insertion Scapula
Action protract + superiorly rotate scapula
Innervation long thoracic nerve
Arterial Supply lateral thoracic artery

21. Trapezius Insertion Origin Origin thoracic/cervical vertebrae, occiput
Insertion clavicle, acromion, + spine of scapula
Action elevate, retract, depress, + superiorly rotate scapula
Innervation Accessory nerve (CN XI)
Arterial Supply Transverse cervical artery

22. Trapezius Origin thoracic/cervical vertebrae, occiput
Insertion clavicle, acromion, + spine of scapula
Action elevate, retract, depress, + superiorly rotate scapula
Innervation Accessory nerve (CN XI)
Arterial Supply Transverse cervical artery

23. Rhomboid Origin Insertion Origin thoracocervical vertebrae
Insertion Medial border of scapula
Action Retract + inferiorly rotate scapula
Innervation Dorsal scapular nerve (C4, C5)
Arterial Supply Dorsal scapular artery
Insertion

24. Rhomboid Origin thoracocervical vertebrae
Insertion Medial border of scapula
Action Retract + inferiorly rotate scapula
Innervation Dorsal scapular nerve (C4, C5)
Arterial Supply Dorsal scapular artery

25. Latissimus Dorsi Insertion Origin
Origin Thoracolumbar fascia, thoracic vertebra, illiac crest, ribs
Insertion humerus
Action Extends, adducts, and medially rotates humerus; raises body toward arms during climbing
Innervation Thoracodorsal nerve (C6, C7, and C8)
Arterial Supply Thoracodorsal artery
Origin

26. Latissimus Dorsi
Origin Thoracolumbar fascia, thoracic vertebra, illiac crest, ribs
Insertion humerus
Action Extends, adducts, and medially rotates humerus; raises body toward arms during climbing
Innervation Thoracodorsal nerve (C6, C7, and C8)
Arterial Supply Thoracodorsal artery

27. Teres Major Origin Insertion Origin Inferior angle of scapula
Insertion Humerus
Action Adducts and medially rotates arm; assist arm extension
Innervation Lower subscapular nerve (C6 and C7)
Arterial Supply Subscapular and circumflex scapular arteries
Insertion

28. Teres Major Origin Inferior angle of scapula Insertion Humerus
Action Adducts and medially rotates arm; assist arm extension
Innervation Lower subscapular nerve (C6 and C7)
Arterial Supply Subscapular and circumflex scapular arteries

29. Teres Minor Origin Insertion Origin Lateral border of scapula
Insertion Greater tuberosity of humerus
Action Laterally rotate arm; hold humeral head in glenoid fossa
Innervation Axillary nerve (C5 and C6)
Arterial Supply Subscapular and circumflex scapular arteries
Insertion

30. Teres Minor Origin Lateral border of scapula
Insertion Greater tuberosity of humerus
Action Laterally rotate arm; hold humeral head in glenoid fossa
Innervation Axillary nerve (C5 and C6)
Arterial Supply Subscapular and circumflex scapular arteries

31. Infraspinatus Origin Insertion Origin Medial border of scapula
Insertion Greater tuberosity of humerus
Action Laterally rotate arm; helps to hold humeral head in glenoid fossa
Innervation Suprascapular nerve (C5 and C6)
Arterial Supply Suprascapular and circumflex scapular arteries

32. Infraspinatus Origin Medial border of scapula
Insertion Greater tuberosity of humerus
Action Laterally rotate arm; helps to hold humeral head in glenoid fossa
Innervation Suprascapular nerve (C5 and C6)
Arterial Supply Suprascapular and circumflex scapular arteries

33. Supraspinatus Origin Insertion Origin Supraspinous fossa of scapula
Insertion Greater tuberosity of humerus
Action Initiates and assists deltoid in abduction
Innervation Suprascapular nerve (C4, C5 and C6)
Arterial Supply Suprascapular artery

34. Supraspinatus Origin Supraspinous fossa of scapula
Insertion Greater tuberosity of humerus
Action Initiates and assists deltoid in abduction
Innervation Suprascapular nerve (C4, C5 and C6)
Arterial Supply Suprascapular artery

35. Subscapularis Origin Insertion Origin Subscapular fossa of scapula
Insertion Lesser tuberosity of humerus
Action Medially rotates arm and adducts it; helps to hold humeral head in glenoid cavity.
Innervation Upper and lower subscapular nerves (C5, C6 and C7)
Arterial Supply Subscapular artery

36. Subscapularis Origin Subscapular fossa of scapula
Insertion Lesser tuberosity of humerus
Action Medially rotates arm and adducts it; helps to hold humeral head in glenoid cavity.
Innervation Upper and lower subscapular nerves (C5, C6 and C7)
Arterial Supply Subscapular artery

37. Deltoids Origin Insertion
Origin clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula
Insertion humerus
Action All movements of arm except adduction
Innervation Axillary nerve (C5 and C6)
Arterial Supply anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries
Insertion

38. Deltoids Origin clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula
Insertion humerus
Action All movements of arm except adduction
Innervation Axillary nerve (C5 and C6)
Arterial Supply anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries

39. Gluteal Region

40. Iliopsoas Origin Insertion Origin Lumbar vertebrae and iliac fossa
Insertion Lesser trochanter of femur
Action Flex the torso and thigh with respect to each other; flex the thigh at the hip joint
Innervation
Psoas: lumbar plexus; L1-4
Iliacus: femoral nerve (L2-4)
Arterial Supply Internal iliac artery

41. Iliopsoas Origin Lumbar vertebrae and iliac fossa
Insertion Lesser trochanter of femur
Action Flex the torso and thigh with respect to each other; flex the thigh at the hip joint
Innervation
Psoas: lumbar plexus; L1-4
Iliacus: femoral nerve (L2-4)
Arterial Supply Internal iliac artery

42. Gluteus Maximus Origin Insertion Origin Sacrum and pelvis
Insertion Femur and iliotibial band to tibia
Action Major extensor of thigh at hip joint
Innervation Inferior gluteal nerve (L5, S1, S2)
Arterial Supply Inferior and superior gluteal arteries

43. Gluteus Maximus Origin Sacrum and pelvis
Insertion Femur and iliotibial band to tibia
Action Major extensor of thigh at hip joint
Innervation Inferior gluteal nerve (L5, S1, S2)
Arterial Supply Inferior and superior gluteal arteries

44. Gluteus Medius Origin Insertion
Origin Dorsal ilium inferior to iliac crest
Insertion Greater trochanter
Action Major abductor of thigh; rotate thigh medially and laterally
Innervation Superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1)
Arterial Supply Superior gluteal artery

45. Gluteus Medius Origin Dorsal ilium inferior to iliac crest
Insertion Greater trochanter
Action Major abductor of thigh; rotate thigh medially and laterally
Innervation Superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1)
Arterial Supply Superior gluteal artery

46. Gluteus Minimus Origin Insertion
Origin Dorsal ilium between inferior and anterior gluteal lines
Insertion Greater trochanter
Action Abducts and medially rotates the thigh
Innervation Superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1)
Arterial Supply Superior gluteal artery

47. Gluteus Minimus
Origin Dorsal ilium between inferior and anterior gluteal lines
Insertion Greater trochanter
Action Abducts and medially rotates the thigh
Innervation Superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1)
Arterial Supply Superior gluteal artery

48. Piriformis Origin Insertion Origin Sacrum Insertion Greater trochanter
Action Lateral rotator of the hip joint; also helps abduct the hip if it is flexed
Innervation Piriformis nerve (S1, S2)
Arterial Supply Superior and inferior gluteal and internal pudendal arteries

49. Piriformis Origin Sacrum Insertion Greater trochanter
Action Lateral rotator of the hip joint; also helps abduct the hip if it is flexed
Innervation Piriformis nerve (S1, S2)
Arterial Supply Superior and inferior gluteal and internal pudendal arteries

50. Tensor Fasciae Latae Origin Insertion Origin ASIS
Insertion Iliotibial band to tibia
Action Helps stabilize and steady the hip and knee joints by putting tension on the iliotibial band of fascia
Innervation Superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1)
Arterial Supply Superior gluteal and lateral circumflex femoral artery
Insertion

51. Tensor Fasciae Latae Origin ASIS Insertion Iliotibial band to tibia
Action Helps stabilize and steady the hip and knee joints by putting tension on the iliotibial band of fascia
Innervation Superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1)
Arterial Supply Superior gluteal and lateral circumflex femoral artery