1. Neck, Trunk, & Pelvis

3. Scalenes Origin Cervical vertebrae Insertion First two ribs
Action Flex + slightly rotate neck
Innervation Anterior primary rami of C5, 6; (Rami and trunks of brachial plexus passes between anterior and middle scalenes)
Arterial Supply (Subclavian vein passes anterior to anterior scalene; Subclavian artery passes posterior to anterior scalene)

5. Sternocleidomastoid Origin Manubrium, clavicle
Insertion Mastoid process
Action flex + rotate head
Innervation Accessory nerve (cranial nerve XI)
Arterial Supply Sternocleidomastoid artery

7. Levator Scapulae Origin Cervical vertebrae
Insertion Superior part of medial border of scapula
Action Elevates scapula
Innervation Dorsal scapula (C5) and cervical (C3 and C4) nerves
Arterial Supply Dorsal scapular artery

9. Splenius Origin Thoracic vertebrae Insertion Mastoid process
Action Extends and rotates head and neck
Innervation Dorsal rami
Arterial Supply Muscular branch of occipital artery

11. Origin Clavicle, sternum, 6th costal cartilage
Insertion humerus
Action Flexes, adducts, + medially rotates arm
Innervation Medial and lateral pectoral nerves
Arterial Supply pectoral branch of the thoracoacromial trunk

13. Pectoralis Minor Origin 3rd to 5th ribs Insertion coracoid process
Action Stabilizes scapula by drawing it inferiorly and anteriorly against thoracic wall
Innervation Medial pectoral nerves; clavicular head (C8 and T1)
Arterial Supply Pectoral branch of the thoracoacromial trunk

15. Serratus Anterior Origin Ribs Insertion Scapula
Action protract + superiorly rotate scapula
Innervation long thoracic nerve
Arterial Supply lateral thoracic artery

17. Trapezius Origin thoracic/cervical vertebrae, occiput
Insertion clavicle, acromion, + spine of scapula
Action elevate, retract, depress, + superiorly rotate scapula
Innervation Accessory nerve (CN XI)
Arterial Supply Transverse cervical artery

18. Origin thoracocervical vertebrae
Insertion Medial border of scapula
Action Retract + inferiorly rotate scapula
Innervation Dorsal scapular nerve (C4, C5)
Arterial Supply Dorsal scapular artery

19. Rhomboid Origin thoracocervical vertebrae
Insertion Medial border of scapula
Action Retract + inferiorly rotate scapula
Innervation Dorsal scapular nerve (C4, C5)
Arterial Supply Dorsal scapular artery

21. Latissimus Dorsi
Origin Thoracolumbar fascia, thoracic vertebra, illiac crest, ribs
Insertion humerus
Action Extends, adducts, and medially rotates humerus; raises body toward arms during climbing
Innervation Thoracodorsal nerve (C6, C7, and C8)
Arterial Supply Thoracodorsal artery

23. Teres Major Origin Inferior angle of scapula Insertion Humerus
Action Adducts and medially rotates arm; assist arm extension
Innervation Lower subscapular nerve (C6 and C7)
Arterial Supply Subscapular and circumflex scapular arteries

25. Teres Minor Origin Lateral border of scapula
Insertion Greater tuberosity of humerus
Action Laterally rotate arm; hold humeral head in glenoid fossa
Innervation Axillary nerve (C5 and C6)
Arterial Supply Subscapular and circumflex scapular arteries

27. Infraspinatus Origin Medial border of scapula
Insertion Greater tuberosity of humerus
Action Laterally rotate arm; helps to hold humeral head in glenoid fossa
Innervation Suprascapular nerve (C5 and C6)
Arterial Supply Suprascapular and circumflex scapular arteries

29. Supraspinatus Origin Supraspinous fossa of scapula
Insertion Greater tuberosity of humerus
Action Initiates and assists deltoid in abduction
Innervation Suprascapular nerve (C4, C5 and C6)
Arterial Supply Suprascapular artery

31. Subscapularis Origin Subscapular fossa of scapula
Insertion Lesser tuberosity of humerus
Action Medially rotates arm and adducts it; helps to hold humeral head in glenoid cavity.
Innervation Upper and lower subscapular nerves (C5, C6 and C7)
Arterial Supply Subscapular artery

33. Deltoids Origin clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula
Insertion humerus
Action All movements of arm except adduction
Innervation Axillary nerve (C5 and C6)
Arterial Supply anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries

35. Iliopsoas Origin Lumbar vertebrae and iliac fossa
Insertion Lesser trochanter of femur
Action Flex the torso and thigh with respect to each other; flex the thigh at the hip joint
Innervation
Psoas: lumbar plexus; L1-4
Iliacus: femoral nerve (L2-4)
Arterial Supply Internal iliac artery

37. Gluteus Maximus Origin Sacrum and pelvis
Insertion Femur and iliotibial band to tibia
Action Major extensor of thigh at hip joint
Innervation Inferior gluteal nerve (L5, S1, S2)
Arterial Supply Inferior and superior gluteal arteries

39. Gluteus Medius Origin Dorsal ilium inferior to iliac crest
Insertion Greater trochanter
Action Major abductor of thigh; rotate thigh medially and laterally
Innervation Superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1)
Arterial Supply Superior gluteal artery

41. Gluteus Minimus
Origin Dorsal ilium between inferior and anterior gluteal lines
Insertion Greater trochanter
Action Abducts and medially rotates the thigh
Innervation Superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1)
Arterial Supply Superior gluteal artery

43. Piriformis Origin Sacrum Insertion Greater trochanter
Action Lateral rotator of the hip joint; also helps abduct the hip if it is flexed
Innervation Piriformis nerve (S1, S2)
Arterial Supply Superior and inferior gluteal and internal pudendal arteries

45. Tensor Fasciae Latae Origin ASIS Insertion Iliotibial band to tibia
Action Helps stabilize and steady the hip and knee joints by putting tension on the iliotibial band of fascia
Innervation Superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1)
Arterial Supply Superior gluteal and lateral circumflex femoral artery