1. EggLac Gold Natures Finest Food For infants of Any Species Bud G. Harmon Professor Emeritus, Department of Animal Sciences Purdue University Brookside-Agra O’Fallon, Illinois

2. EggLac Gold Rich in Critical Nutrients and Immune Globulins EggLac Gold contains the only food/feed ingredients in nature produced specifically for the purpose of providing for health and growth of infant animals. Dairy Products Egg Products

3. EggLac Gold (ELG) Combines Egg Product and Dairy Products To Produce a Product Rich in: ● β Lactoglobulins (7.5% of ELG) ● α Lactalbumin (3.2% of ELG) ● Lacto-immunoglobulins (4,000 ppm of ELG) ● IgY Yolk Immune Globulins (3,000 ppm of ELG) ● Total Immune Globulins in ELG exceed 7,000 ppm ● Lactose (56% of ELG) ● Void of any blood or blood products Research has shown all of these factors, which are present in egg and dairy products, enhance the health and resistance of infant animals.

4. Overcoming the Immunologic Gap in young Animals Most animals start life without immune protection and acquire passive immunity from milk or egg sac. They can’t build antibodies for some weeks. Pigs at birth are devoid of immune globulins and are dependent on sow colostrum, which is extremely rich in gamma globulin, but only can be absorbed intact from intestine the first 30 hours of life. Blood serum gamma globulin peaks at about 30 hours and starts a near linear decline to extinction over the next 3 - 4 weeks. Loses 50% in 9 days Pigs start to build antibodies at 4 to 5 weeks of age and reach mature antibody production level by 5 to 6 weeks of age. Over 21 days of lactation pigs obtain lesser levels of gamma globulin from milk that bathes the digestive tract, is not absorbed, but broken down like any other protein. Immune globulins coming from milk products and eggs products are extremely important natural sources of antibodies acquired from their mothers. Hens deposit IgY in Yolk sac of eggs which provides passive immunity to newly hatched chicks. Passively transferred antibodies can be measured in chicks for less than 2 weeks. Actively produced antibodies in chicks reach adult maturity at about 21 days of age

5. Antibody Titer in Nursing Pigs Colostral Immunity Colostral Immunity Active Immunity 100 Relative 80 Antibody 60 Weaning Titer 40 % 20 0..... 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 Weeks of Age Miller, Harmon, Ullrey and Hoefer, 1962

6. EggLac Gold Amino Acid Content Total Protein in EggLac Gold = 21% Amino Acid % App Dig % Arginine 0.93 60 Histidine 0.41 82 Isoleucine 1.22 83 Leucine 2.22 80 Lysine 1.60 85 Methionine/cystine 0.95 75 Phenylalanine 0.86 84 Threonine 1.07 92 Tryptophan 0.31 83 Valine 1.19 69 _______________________________________ * Critical amino acids in formulation Norberg, S., R. Dilger, H. Dong, B. Harmon, O. Adeola, and M. Latour. 2004. and NRC Nutrient Requirements of Swine 1988

7. Lipid Content of EggLac Gold Total Fat in EggLac Gold - 7% Saturated Unsaturated Fatty Acids Fatty Acids Total 2.01% Total 3.19% 8:0 0.03% 14:1 0.02% 10:0 0.09% 16:1 0.23% 12:0 0.23% 18:1 2.19% 14:0 0.02% 18:2 0.65% 16:0 1.34% 18:3 0.02% 18:0 0.48% 18:4 0.05% Cholesterol: 0.27% Cephalin: 0.25% Lecithin 1.26% Metabolizable energy of EggLac Gold as fed: 3,504 kcal/kg or 1,592 kcal/lb Harmon,B. and B. Richert 2008

8. Mineral Content of EggLac Gold % ppm Calcium 0.72 Copper 312 Phosphorus 0.78 Iron 215 Potassium 1.05 Zinc 493 Sodium 1.1 Magnesium 1100 W. Stadelman, The Science of Eggs 2002 NRC Swine Nutrition Requirements, 1998

9. Pig performance 0% vs 5% Egg Product 253 181 204 Feed/Gain ADG, g/day Average Daily Feed Intake, g/day 1.40 1.29 0% 5% 263 Shao and Harmon 2006

10. ADM Research With Spray Dried Egg

11. Effect of different levels of Egg/dairy Product on pig performance (phase 1) 64.9 60.4 79.9 79.0 Feed/Gain ADG, g/day 2.70 2.77 162.5 179.3 197.9 197.5 2.47 2.50 Average Daily Feed Intake, g/day SEM=8.6 SEM=15.5 SEM=0.5 5% 10% 15% 20% Shao, C. and B. Harmon 2006

12. Combinations of Egg and Dairy Products in Diets of Weaned Pigs Total egg and dairy products % 5 13 21 29 `Phase 1 (0 to10 days on test) Daily Gain, g 41 68 85 73 Daily Feed Intake, g 114 136 136 145 Gain/Feed.360.500.625.503 Phase 2 Same Diets (10 to 24 days on test) Daily Gain, g295 345 331 331 Daily Feed Intake, g 472 522 508 495 Gain/Feed.624.661.652.668 Overall (0 to 24 days on test) Daily Gain, g 191 227 227 222 Daily Feed Intake, g 322 363 354 350 Gain/Feed.593 625.641.634 Purdue University 42 pigs per treatment, 7 replications, pigs weaned at 16 days

13. Fixed Dairy Products and Variable Immune Globulins Pigs removed for mortality or morbidity Song, Harmon and Pettigrew, Univ of Illinois, 2010

14. Features of EggLac Gold Improved performance and reduced diarrhea when EggLac Gold is in the diet of young pigs is attributed to: Rich balance of amino acids in the protein Rich in metabolizable energy Rich in immune globulins that provide passive immunity in the digestive tract Rich in lactose sugar to encourage Lactobacillus bacteria that inhibit diarrhea-causing bacteria in the digestive tract of young pigs.

15. User Guide of EggLac Gold EggLac Gold is a cream colored, free flowing meal that readily mixes into complete feed particularly used in the diet of young weaned pigs and calves EggLac Gold can be used either in meal or pelleted diets. Benefits gained from including EggLac Gold are improved gain, feed intake, feed efficiency and reduced diarrhea Most economical use is attained when fed in nursery diets for pigs up to 20 kg body weight. EggLac Gold combines excellent egg and milk protein, egg fat, and milk sugar sources for young pigs, calves, dogs and cats. Egglac Gold is packaged in 22.7 kg (50 lb) poly-lined kraft paper bags and. should be stored in a cool, dry space and fed within 1 year of receipt. EggLac Gold is safer because it contains no blood, blood plasma, or blood cells.

16. Example EggLac Gold Inclusion Levels in Pig Nursery Diets Phase I Diet for Pigs at Weaning, Feed 7 to 10 days Inclusion Level High Performance 30% Good Performance 27 % Phase 2 Diet following Phase I Diet for 14 days High Performance 24% Good Performance 20% Phase 3 Diet following Phase 2 Diet for 21 days (25 kg) High Performance 10% Good Performance 6% Replaces all dairy, egg, and blood products

17. EggLac Gold Natures First Foods Combines Immune Protection Sources Extremely Palatable to Young Animals. Excellent Amino Acid Pattern Egg Energy Rich Safe and Nutritious in Diets for Youngest Animals Void of any blood products Best of the Best “ Why ”

18. Example calculation of IgY in spray dried egg Item FactorCalculation Egg yolk10 mg/ml IgY Akita and Nikai 1992 Yolk in one egg16 g Stadelman 2002 Egg yolk density1 g/ml16 g x 1 g/ml x 10 mg/ml IgY = 160 mg IgY/egg Egg weight without shell55 g Solids24.5 %55 g x 0.245 = 13.475 g solids/egg Level of IgY in EP160 mg IgY ÷ 0.013475 kg solids/egg = 11,873 mg/kg ≈ 12,000 ppm