1. How are microbes spread?

2. Recap from last lesson 1.Name three types of microbes. 2.Which microbe is the smallest? 3.List two examples of fungi. 4.Which microbe is affected by antibiotics? 5.What is the special jelly used to grow bacteria? 6.When working with bacteria in the lab, what are two safety precautions workers must wear.

3. Microbes and Disease Illnesses caused by microbes are called infections They can be passed from one person to another in four ways – What are they?? In the air By touching In food and contaminated water By animals

4. In the Air Enter through the air we breath – Stick to dust floating in the air What happens when an infected person sneezes or coughs? – Tiny drops of liquid are showered into the air Viruses that cause flu and the common flu are spread this way

5. By Touching Touching someone or something that an infected person has touched (towels, combs, cups etc.) A disease that is spread by touch is contagious Examples: chicken pox, athlete’s foot

6. In Food and Water Dirty hands, cooking utensils etc. can all spread microbes Examples: salmonella bacteria (food poisoning) Some diseases such as cholera and typhoid are spread when infected faces get into drinking water

7. By Animals Often picked up through contact with faeces Examples: Flies land on faeces and then crawl over uncooked food (dysentery is spread in this manner) Mosquitoes can spread malaria if they bite an infected person – they carry bacteria to the next person that they bite and so the disease is spread

8. Summary Questions 1.How can a child at a birthday party give all the children chickenpox? 2.Why is it important that you wash your hands before you prepare food? 3.How could you stop food poisoning being spread by flies? 4.Write down one way of making water safe to drink.

9. Preventing Infection Good hygiene is often the key to preventing the spread of disease Discuss in your lab benches at least three things that should be done to prevent the spread of infection – Example: brush your teeth at least twice a day in order to kill bacteria

10. Wash your hands regularly – Before meals – After going to the toilet – Before handling food Wash your hair regularly Thoroughly wash any cuts or scratches – a plaster often helps Food should be covered to prevent contact with flies and cooked food should be kept away from raw food Water should be boiled or sterilised before drinking if there is any risk of contamination

11. How does your body defend itself from microbes? Ignoring the lines on the picture, what are some ways that our bodies are designed to stop microbes from entering the body? LungsEyes HairStomach CutsSkin

12. mouth nose stomach skin eyes

13. Homework Complete the worksheet for tomorrow’s lesson