2. RATIONALE The study of the Armenian Genocide provides students with a piece of the historical context of the Holocaust. The Holocaust did not occur in a vacuum, and it is important for students to understand that world events that happened outside of Germany also influenced Hitler’s regime along with such things as the Treaty of Versailles and the failure of the Weimar Republic.

3. OBJECTIVE The student will be able to identify events and people of the Armenian Genocide, and explain the historical connection of what happened to the Armenians to what happened to the victims of the Holocaust.

4. What does the word genocide mean? The murder of an entire group of people The word was first used by Raphael Lemkin in 1943 to describe the events taking place in Europe at that time. It literally means genos -- race; cide --killing

5. ARMENIAN GENOCIDE Carried out between 1915-1923 during WWI First genocide of the 20th century Possibly the first of its kind in history Direct precedent for Hitler’s genocidal policies

6. Just before invading Poland, Hitler referred to the Armenian genocide. “Who still remembers today the annihilation of the Armenians?”

7. What was the underlying meaning of Hitler’s comment?

8. Who are the Armenians? The ancient inhabitants of western Asian region that today includes eastern Turkey, the Republic of Armenia, and areas of several bordering states.

9. By the sixteenth century most of this region was incorporated into the Ottoman Empire.

11. The Armenians were a Christian minority. The majority of the Ottomans, also known as the Turks, were Muslim.

12. As a minority the Armenians Were allowed a great deal of freedom, but Victims of official discrimination citizens with restricted rights

13. Differences Between the Two Groups Religion Language Ethnicity Minority

14. These differences led to division. The Muslims viewed the Armenians as inferior and viewed themselves as superior.

15. TIMELINE 1839 - 1876 Armenians recognized as citizens, but denied rights of citizens 1876 - 1908 Sultan Abdul Hamid rules Ottoman Empire Armenians being returned to “their place” 1894 - 1896 estimated 300,000 were massacred

16. TIMELINE (2) 1908 - Young Turks overthrew Sultan Abdul Hamid, he became constitutional monarch 1909 - 20,000 Armenians massacred 1913 - a coup within the Young Turks brings the government under the control of radical Turkish nationalists.

17. What is nationalism? What is the danger of nationalism ? 1914 - The Ottoman Empire enters WWI on the side of Germany and Austria-Hungary against Britain, France, and Russia.

18. Feb. 1915 - The first deportations of Armenians occur near the Russian front. April 23-24, 1915 - Hundreds of Armenian leaders are arrested in Constantinople. Most are deported and killed.

19. Reading 14: Creating Enemies of the State: The Armenians Page 102

20. PRE-READING VOCABULARY Vulnerable minorities Tolerance Citizen Massacre Deportation Forced conversions Condone Annihilation scapegoat Gendarmes: police Harbingers: one that indicates or foreshadows what is to come.

21. READING Groups of 3 Each person will read the selection silently. After reading silently, each person will identify a section of the reading that made the deepest impression on him/her and explain why to the other members of the group. Working with the other members of the group, each person will respond in writing to the following questions.

22. CONNECTIONS What factors allowed the Turks to scapegoat the Armenians? What does your answer suggest about what happens to a “tolerated minority” in time of war? What could/should the world have done? What is the difference between a massacre and genocide? Was what happened to the Armenians a massacre or a genocide? Explain the difference. What are some of the possible consequences when no one is held accountable for a crime?

23. Assessment Vocabulary Historical background; objective questions Connection questions Reflections/journals Further research; reading PBA: Create a timeline. Write a news article. ?????? ???????????? Graphic nature???

24. http://www.armenian-genocide.org THE FOLLOWING PHOTOGRAPHS AND ADDITIONAL DETAILS ABOUT THE ARMENIAN GENOCIDE CAN BE FOUND AT :

25. GRAPHIC PHOTOGRAPHS some of which were taken by a German soldier who reported the atrocities to his superiors.

31. Turkey’s official policy is that the Armenian Genocide did not happen and the stories of a genocide are distortions. It is against Turkish law and punishable by imprisonment to refer to the Armenian Genocide as historical fact.

32. Legacies Chapter 10 of the HHB Reading 10 “A Living Past” Reading 11 “Truth: The Last Victim of Genocide Reading 12: “The Policies of Denial”