1. Core Skills Meeting 2
© Cheung, M., & Leung, P. (2008). Multicultural practice and evaluation: A case approach to evidence-based practice. Denver, CO: Love.
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2. © Love Publishing: Monit Cheung & Patrick Leung
Functions of Genograms
To track family relationship patterns
To identify repeated patterns in health, family functions, and significant events
To interpret family structure
To analyze family conflict and triangles
To assess family roles, functioning, balance, resilience, and resources
To track families through the life cycle
To apply in clinical situations
To collect data for family research
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Genogram Format
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4. Exercise: Construct a Genogram
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5. How to construct a genogram interview?
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Genogram Interview
Start with the presenting problem
Move to questions on household context
Gather information on parents’ birth families
Inquiry about other generations
Probe ethnic and cultural variables
Elicit attitudes about gender
Ask about major life events
Inquire about family relationships
Inquire about family roles
Inquire about family strengths
Include questions on individual functioning (work, school, medical, psychiatric addictions, and legal problems)
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7. Therapeutic Outcomes Family Structure and Composition
Family Place in the Life Cycle
Pattern Repetition Across Generations
Balance in Family Roles and Functioning
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(c) Monit Cheung & Patrick Leung

8. Therapeutic Outcomes 1. Family Structure and Composition
Marital Configurations
Single-parent households
Remarried households
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(c) Monit Cheung & Patrick Leung

9. b) Siblings Birth order
Timing of sibling births vs. what else was happening
in the family at the time
Family’s expectations or ‘program’ for the child
Parental attitudes and bias regarding gender. Are males given
preferred status?
Or females? Are there alliances in the family by gender?
(c) Monit Cheung & Patrick Leung
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Therapeutic Outcomes
2. Family Place in the Life Cycle
Family progress through a series of stages or transitions
Changes including leaving home of origin, marriage, births, child-rearing, retirement
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Therapeutic Outcomes
3. Pattern Repetition Across Generations
Patterns of Functioning
Adaptive: creativity, resilience, strengths
Maladaptive: battering, child abuse, alcoholism, suicide
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(c) Monit Cheung & Patrick Leung

13. -Patterns of closeness, distance, cut-offs,
b) Patterns of Relationships
-Patterns of closeness, distance, cut-offs,
or conflicts repeating over generations.
(e.g., triangles)
b) Patterns of Relationships -
(c) Monit Cheung & Patrick Leung
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14. The Triangular Relationship
His grandfather
His mother
Self
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(c) Monit Cheung & Patrick Leung

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c) Patterns Related to Position in Family -People in similar positions as a previous generation member tend to repeat the same pattern
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16. 4. Balance in Family Roles and Functioning
-For example,
A gregarious, social partner is balanced out by a more home-oriented spouse.
(c) Monit Cheung & Patrick Leung
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Reference
McGoldrick, M., Gerson, R., & Petry, S. (2008). Genograms: Assessment and Intervention (3rd Ed.). New York:.
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18. Cartoon-Story Game A3, Cheung 2006
Fold a piece of paper into 8 boxes
Number the boxes from 1 to 8
Draw or write in the first 6 boxes to represent your developmental stages
Draw or write in the 7th and 8th boxes to represent something you want to achieve in your next stage of life
Cheung, M. (2006). Therapeutic games and guided imagery: Tools for mental health and school professionals working with children, adolescents, and families. Chicago: Lyceum.
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Core Skills
The Case of Mary
38 years old
Depressed, not knowing the meaning of life
Left home for the entire day; after her family found her, she felt guilty
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20. Core Skills (Cheung&Leung, pp.28–29)
Rapport Building
Structuring the Session/Meeting
Information Gathering
Reflecting Content
Reflecting Feelings
Self-Disclosure
Confrontation
Redirecting
Summarizing
Closure
Take turns to ask questions based on the core skill area
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21. Mary’s Case Demonstrations
I am…
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Rapport Building
Tell me about...
I am here to…
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Structuring
By the end of this
session today, …
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24. Information Gathering
Tell me about…
Give me an example of…
Who, When, Where…
Whose, Who else, What, How…
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25. Reflecting Content and Clarifying
I noticed you …
It seems to me that…
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Reflecting Feelings
It is hard to…
You feel…
I feel…
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27. I have had an experience that…
Self-Disclosure
I get upset about…
I have had an experience that…
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28. You said you didn’t care, ….
Confrontation
You said you didn’t care, ….
You laughed when…
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29. From what you’ve told me, …
Redirecting
Before you continue, …
From what you’ve told me, …
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Summarizing
You said ….
Let me summarize …
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Closure
Thank you for…
Would you …
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32. Personal vs. Professional
One strength & one limitation
Use another person’s strength as your own: An exchange perspective
How to use this technique to help your clients
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Self-Disclosure
Functions
When to use it
How to use it
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34. Self-Disclosure’s Definition
The conscious and intentional revelation of
information about oneself through
Verbal Expressions
Personal experiences or history
Personal opinions or perspectives
Nonverbal Behaviors
Smiling
Grimacing
Shaking one’s head in disbelief
(c) Monit Cheung & Patrick Leung

35. Functions of Self-Disclosure
Encourages clients to reciprocate with trust and openness
Provides messages that center on common struggles or problems the social worker is currently experiencing or has experienced that are similar to the client’s problems
Presents low risk and contributes to the helping process.
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36. When to Use Self-Disclosure
After rapport and trust have been achieved
When clients have demonstrated readiness to engage on a more personal level
When a personal reaction will provide assurance to all clients present
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37. Self-Disclosure Techniques
Express Personal Reactions
“I’m impressed with the progress you’ve made this past week. You applied what we discussed last week and have made another step toward learning to control angry feelings.”
Give an example here:
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Relate to a Common Struggle
“As you talk about your problems with your children, it reminds me of similar difficulties I had with mine when they were that same age.”
Give an example here:
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Relate to an Event that Share a Common Characteristic
“I think all of us struggle with that same fear to some degree. Earlier this week I…”
Give an example here:
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40. (c) Monit Cheung & Patrick Leung

41. Overview of Theories Three Theory Types
Thinking
Feeling
Doing
In social work, what type of theories do we use?
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42. © Love Publishing: Monit Cheung & Patrick Leung
Social Work Theories
Psychodynamic & analytic
Psychodynamic, Psychoanalytic, Families of Origin, Adlerian
Experiential and relationship-oriented
Gestalt, Person-Centered (Rogerian, Satir), Existential
Cognitive and action-oriented
Behavioral, CBT (RET, REBT), Solution-Focused, Feminist (Empowerment), Structural, Strategic
Systems
Family Systems, Multicultural
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Daily Affirmation
Peace is flowing through me everywhere today, pouring all over my mind and my body … releasing all my tensions and anxiety … emptying me of all my negativity and fear. I am being filled with peace and love and serenity.
Fishel, R. (1988). Time for joy. Deerfield Beach, FL: Health Communications.
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References
Cheung, M. (2006). Therapeutic games and guided imagery: Tools for mental health and school professionals working with children, adolescents, and families. Chicago: Lyceum.
Cheung, M., & Leung, P. (2008). Multicultural practice and evaluation: A case approach to evidence-based practice. Denver, CO: Love.
McGoldrick, M., Gerson, R., & Petry, S. (2008). Genograms: Assessment and Intervention. New York: Norton.
© Love Publishing: Monit Cheung & Patrick Leung