1. C HAPTER 16 S ECTION 1: W AR E RUPTS Main Idea- The secession of Southern states quickly led to the armed conflict between the North and the South. The Civil War has begun. holyromanempirerules.blogspot.com

2. F IRST S HOTS AT F ORT S UMTER  Fort Sumter  Fort Sumter -the fort located in Charleston, South Carolina where the first battle of the Civil War was fought  North and South were fighting over federally owned forts to see who would get them  April 12, 1861~Confederates pressured the Americans and forced Major Robert Anderson to capitulate  Beginning of the Civil War sonofthesouth.net

3. L INCOLN CALLS OUT THE M ILITIA  After Battle at Fort Sumter, Lincoln gathers up 75,000 minutemen to form his militia  Northerners supported Lincoln’s actions  But this made the South angry  More states joined Confederacy -Virginia -North Carolina - Tennessee -Arkansas  Confederacy now larger and stronger  May 1861~Capital of Confederacy to Richmond, Virginia  Robert E. Lee-  Robert E. Lee- Talented military leader who became commanding general of the army of North Virginia nndb.com commons.wikimedia.org

4. C HOOSING S IDES  Border States-  Border States- slave states that border free states -Delaware -Maryland -Kentucky -Missouri  Maryland: hugely important to North. If it seceded then D.C. would be cut off from the Union. But Pro-Union leaders took over Maryland so it was safe from secession  Kentucky: important as well (to North and South). The rivers provide an invasion route for North. Provided a barrier for the South  Missouri and Delaware: stayed in Union as well  24 states in the Union  11 states in the Confederacy

5. S TRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES Advantages Union 22 Million people 85% of industry came from North More railroad mileage Naval power and shipyards Abraham LincolnConfederacy Able generals (Robert E. Lee) Will and defensive fighting (“home team advantage”) Disadvantages Union Farther away from where the war was foughtConfederacy Only 9 million people ~3.5 million were slaves Less railroad mileage

6. S TRATEGIES The Union The Anaconda Plan- The Anaconda Plan- Smother the Southern economy -blockade the South’s coastline *Blockade- *Blockade- armed forces preventing transportation of goods or people into or out of an area -gain control of Mississippi River Problems Would take more time and people were eager to take action The Confederacy 1.Hoped to tire the North out 2.Wanted to be left alone 3.Hoped to use King Cotton as their way to get help from foreign enemies King Cotton- King Cotton- the Southern cotton that ruled the world’s market Problems Europe had surplus of the South’s cotton and sis not want to get involved in American war

7. B ATTLE OF BULL RUN July 21, 1861 Where Confederate and Union soldiers clashed First battle in the North WHY IT MATTERED? Showed the North what they were getting themselves into North realized they underestimated the South

8. salaamsblog.wordpress.com

9. LETS TALK ABOUT IT!!

10. W HAT WERE THE UNION ’ S REASONS TO FIGHT ? T HE CONFEDERATES ?

11. W HY WERE THE BORDER STATES IMPORTANT TO BOTH SIDES IN THE C IVIL W AR ?