1. The Civil War

2. Fort Sumter After South Carolina seceded from the Union, Lincoln grew concerned about the Union Fort Sumter located off the coast of South Carolina The commander of the fort refused to surrender to South Carolina SC cut off all supplies to the fort in an attempt to starve them into surrender Lincoln decided to send food to the fort, but not troops or ammunition On April 12, 1861, Confederate leaders took advantage of the isolated and weakened fort and opened fire After the barrage, the fort surrendered

3. Taking Sides After the attack on Fort Sumter, more southern states seceded from the Union Tennessee, Virginia, North Carolina, and Arkansas A few slave states decided to stay with the Union These are known as the border states Missouri, Kentucky, West Virginia, Maryland, and Delaware To control some protests in the border, Lincoln placed many areas under martial law

5. Advantages of North and South Southern Advantages Home field advantage Help from local people Better military leaders: Albert Johnston, Joseph Johnston, Robert E. Lee Northern Advantages Bigger population More factory production More railroad mileage Able to field, feed, and arm larger armies

6. Civil War Leaders Confederacy President Jefferson Davis Head general, Robert E. Lee Considered the best general in the United States Union President Abraham Lincoln Went through many generals during the war Settled on Ulysses S. Grant

7. Civil War Battles

8. Life During the War Both Lincoln and Davis suspended the right to habeas corpus This means people could be put in prison without being charged with anything Both the North and South established a draft, or required military service After Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation, many African Americans in the North signed up for military service