1. THE INFORMATION AGE 1965-1969 Jacob Morton POSTMODERNISM

2. Postmodernism defined  of, relating to, or being any of various movements in reaction to modernism that are typically characterized by a return to traditional materials and forms (as in architecture) or by ironic self- reference and absurdity (as in literature)

3. Manifestations of Postmodernism  Literature & Art  Poetry  Pop Art  Music  Electronic  Rock  Architecture  First Introduction  Examples  Science & Technology  First Heart Transplant  First Video Game Played on a television  Cinema  Defined  2001: A Space Odyssey

4. Literature & Art  Poetry Dominated by ambivalence and parody. “multiple meanings or the absence of meaning itself are related to language, its ambiguities, and its role in shaping the self.”  (Fiero: p137)

5. Literature & Art (continued)  Pop Art Coined in the late 1950’s by British artists who began to paste advertisements clipped from American magazines into their artwork. Quintessential style of the information age. Embraced the imagery of consumerism and celebrity culture.  (Fiero: p135) Andy Warhol "Campbell's Soup Can, 1965 (green and red) www.hollywoodframed.com

6. Music  Electronic Electronic technology was responsible for entirely new types of sounds. The synthesizer was the most revolutionary musical invention of the 1960s.  (Fiero: p147) Tom Dissevelt - Orbit Aurora (1968) http://123nonstop.com/biography/Dissevelt,_Tom

7. Music (continued)  Rock Origins date back to 1950’s; from the phrase “rocking and rolling” Became an international phenomenon with the success of the Beatles in the 1960’s  (Fiero: p150) The Beatles http://www.thebeatles.com/#/albums/With_The_Beatles

8. Architecture  First Introduction First introduced by Robert Venturi in his book, Complexity and Contradiction in Architecture Countered “less is more” with the claim “less is bore” Rejected “functional form” and opted for architecture that emphasized visual complexity, individuality, and outright fun.  (Fiero: p145) Robert Charles Venturi, Jr http://ethel-baraona.tumblr.com/

9. Architecture (continued)  Examples “The Duck” “Toilet Pot” Robert Charles Venturi, Jr http://archiduct.blogspot.com/ Robert Charles Venturi, Jr http://www.eikongraphia.com/?p=1995

10. Science & Technology  First Heart Transplant South African surgeon Christian Barnard performs the first human-to- human heart transplant is performed. The operation is a success, but the patient dies after complications set in. Over the next several years he performed additional heart transplants, with the survival times for his patients gradually improving. One patient, Dorothy Fisher, survived for 24 years after receiving a new heart in 1969. Christian Barnard http://www.wired.com/science/discoveries/news/2007/12/dayintech_1203#

11. Science & Technology (continued)  First Video Game Played on a television In 1967, Ralph Baer wrote the first video game played on a television set, a game called Chase Ralph Baer first conceived of his idea in 1951 while working for Loral, a television company. Ralph Baer http://www.comicvine.com/myvine/umbrafeline/back-in-the-day- oldest-video-games/87-64430/

12. Cinema  Defined Post modernism in film can loosely be used to describe a film in which the audience's suspension of disbelief is destroyed, or at the very least toyed with, in order to free the audience's appreciation of the work, and the creator's means with which to express it. By making small but significant changes to the conventions of cinema the artificiality of the experience and the world presented is emphasized in the audience's mind, in order to remove them from the conventional emotional bonds they have to the subject matter, and to give them a new view of it. Ralph Baer http://www.comicvine.com/myvine/umbrafeline/back-in-the-day- oldest-video-games/87-64430/

13. Cinema (continued)  2001: A Space Odyssey In 1968, MGM Studios released a movie titled 2001: A Space Odyssey, which has been the most culturally and socially influential science fiction film ever made. It was produced and directed by Stanley Kubrick, who was at the time one of the most highly-regarded directors and had produced the critically acclaimed dark comedy about the lunacy of the Cold War, Dr. Strangelove: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying And Love the Bomb. 2001 was loosely based upon a short story by one of the giants of science fiction literature, Arthur C. Clarke, who also deserves much credit for developing the concept of the geosynchronous communications satellite.Cold Warscience fiction literaturegeosynchronouscommunications satellite. Although the movie was not universally praised when it first premiered, it soon came to be widely regarded as a classic by film critics and historians. It was praised for its visual inventiveness, its originality and symbolism, its sound and visual special effects and its musical score. Stanley Kubrick: 2001: A Space Odyssey http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2001:_A_Space_Odyssey_(film)

14. Summary  From the vibrant pop art Andy Warhol to the international influence of the Beatles. Architecture was introduced to the “less is bore” attitude of Robert Venturi and medical technology was advancing rapidly with its first heart transplant. The creation of the timeless classic of 2001: A Space Odyssey is still considered to be on the most influential science fiction films of all time. It is very clear to see how the Manifestations of Postmodernism are still seen today.

15. works citied  Merrian-Webster. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 July 2011..  www.wired.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 July 2011..  http://inventors.about.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 July 2011..  http://www.centennialofflight.gov. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 July 2011..  http://en.wikipedia.org/. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 July 2011..