1. Foot Pressure Monitoring System for a Speed Skater

2. 1. Project Objectives 2. Performance Specifications 3. Design Details Hardware: Parts list Construction Software Information flow Post-process flow 4. Results 5. Assessment of Design Performance 6. Evaluation of Results 7. Possibilities for further improvement 8. Division of labour 9. Self Education – Andrew, Ben, Matthew 10. Schedule / Milestones 11. Budget Line Category analysis 12. Social, Environmental and Enterprise Context 13. Conclusions

3.  Improving a system to monitor foot pressure on the soles of speed skaters  Display pressure results alongside skater footage for use as a training tool to club level skaters  Ensure a minimum hindrance to the safety and performance of the speed skater  Skater stats (typical Kingston Striders skater)  Max velocity = 34km/h  Average stride duration = 720ms

4. RequirementTargetReasoning Sensor placement 8 FSRs per footAllows reasonable spread of inputs to identify mass distribution over sole Sampling frequency 40Hz samplingGives average of 29 discrete steps per stride – sufficient to identify mass transitions within stride Wireless fidelityMax range 60m; <3% Tx error Operation inside short track speed skating rink; Tx error limit corresponding to one sample packet lost per stride Compact transmission unit Minimize injury potential Consider Tx unit placement and size such that the skater is at no additional risk in a fall situation Minimally intrusive insole ~1mm thickness Low profile to maximize skater comfort, but must be robust to withstand mechanical strain inside skate Data visualization Max time drift 25ms Display data in contour map and bar graph alongside time matched skater footage.

6.  Arduino Uno – Micro-controller chosen for project, has 6 analog and 16 digital inputs  Xbee Chip – employed for wireless communication  WiFi Shield: Shield designed to extend the Arduino Uno providing wireless capabilities  Dual Axis accelerometer: to determine the initial start of a speed skater  RTC: real time clock to provide a clock time stamp  4051 Analog multiplexer: accepts the analog inputs of the force sensitive resistors  Resistors and holders: specific to each individual FSR; scaled to provide a scaled force output (components not to scale)

7.  Tekscan Force Sensitive Resistor (FSR) – used to evaluate the pressure exerted at a given point on the foot  Xbee base station chip: used to enable wireless capabilities of Arduino Uno  Base Station Shield: enables wireless Xbee chip to establish communication between a laptop and the Data Acquisition Pack.

9.  Information Flowchart Serial.println To Tx Xbee @ 38400 baud MATLAB Function WriteCSV COM Port Serial Buffer @ 38400 baud Arduino AnalogRead (all 8 sensors) FSR resistance Recorded.csv file Base Station Rx XBee XBee packetization and Tx

10.  Software Flowchart (Post processing) Draw sample and capture frame Extract sampling instance, interpolate values Input.csv file & skater footage Overlay pressure plot Produce final.avi file Align time index with skater footage Capture frame Loop

13.  Simulation pressure profile video ◦ Compiled from fictional.csv file ◦ Uses MATLAB griddata(‘v4’) function to smoothly interpolate between the eight sensor locations

20.  Employ the accelerometer for further data acquisition beyond the current application of a trigger to start sending data when a speed skater starts moving  Inclusion of a triple axis accelerometer to measure acceleration in 3 degrees of movement for turn analysis  Separation of scaled resistors to outside the DAQPAC for ease of exchange and to ensure the DAQPAC seals tightly  Use of a rechargeable lithium battery pack system for greater battery life while minimizing the environmental footprint of the unit  Further refinements to the placement and number of sensors in the foot sensor system for greater resolution

22.  Digital and analog inputs work very differently, and both can be used for very different things  Much more can be extracted from resultant data then just pressures at given times, speed can be found as well as other things  A better understanding of circuits and how they interact with parts like processors and small IC’s

23.  Choosing the best visualization method  Colour blindness  Ease of interpretation for youth audience  Fail fast design  Build a prototype early, learn from it, then move on  Considering transient behaviour of ICs  When trying to maximize the sampling rate, components (i.e. MUX) do not behave instantaneously  Weekly meeting with supervisors  A source of unrivalled brainstorming and suggestions for improvement

28. Canakit Supplier Order ItemDescriptionUnit PriceQuantityExtended Price X-Bee KitXbee Wireless Kit89.951 Arduino Uno 29.951 SX00099Real Time Clock Module19.951 SX10088Arduino Project Enclosure12.671 SX00844 Dual Axis Accelerometer Breakout Board - ADXL203039.951 Subtotal192.47 Tax28.29 Freight20.00 Total240.76 TekScan Supplier Order (Force Sensitive Resistor) ZFLEX(A201) 100-8A201 Sensor @ 100 - 8 Pk117.001130.00US Conversion129.207CAD(US*0.9939) Brokerage12.5 GST7.08535 148.79 The Source Order (Prototyping Silicon Board) 2760150IC PC Board - Multi-purpose 4176.991 Taxes0.91 Total7.90 Project Total397.45 Slack2.55

29.  Analysis of the budget provides insight into the limitations due to component cost  FSR Sensors: 33%  Wireless Components: 22%  Peripheral Components: 20 %  Taxes / Shipping: 17%  Microcontroller: 7%

30.  The device made already exists but can cost more than $10 000 dollars. The one made for this project is meant for the club level of skating – many uses, cost effective  Other applications of this project include heath-care and rehabilitation  This project has little to no environmental impact, but changes could be made so that it is more environmentally friendly