1. SCI-Pak Sustainable and Cleaner production in the manufacturing industries of Pakistan FUNDED BY THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION 1 www.ihtpk.com SCI-Pak Sustainable and Cleaner production in the manufacturing industries of Pakistan FUNDED BY THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION Key Challenges for sustainability Dr Mehreen Faruqi mehreenf@unsw.edu.au

2. SCI-Pak Sustainable and Cleaner production in the manufacturing industries of Pakistan FUNDED BY THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION 2 www.ihtpk.com Inequity The average US citizen, when compared to the average citizen of India, uses: a.50 times more steel b.56 times more energy c.170 times more synthetic rubber d.250 times more motor fuel e.300 times more plastic

3. SCI-Pak Sustainable and Cleaner production in the manufacturing industries of Pakistan FUNDED BY THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION 3 www.ihtpk.com The Consumers of the Future A growing share of the global consumer class now lives in developing countries. 95% of population growth will be in the Urban areas of developing countries China and India alone claim more than 20% of the global total - with a combined consumer class of 362 million, more than in all of Western Europe. (Though the average Chinese or Indian member consumes substantially less than the average European.)

4. SCI-Pak Sustainable and Cleaner production in the manufacturing industries of Pakistan FUNDED BY THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION 4 www.ihtpk.com The Nature of Sustainability Problems ‘Wicked’ and ‘Diabolical’ Complex and Contested -Interconnected -Irreversible impacts -Unknown consequences -Uncertainty in defining problem boundaries -A range of solutions available -Dynamic -Diversity of actors: perceptions, views, values and vested interest involved (Critical: Responsibility to future generations)

5. SCI-Pak Sustainable and Cleaner production in the manufacturing industries of Pakistan FUNDED BY THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION 5 www.ihtpk.com SCI-Pak Sustainable and Cleaner production in the manufacturing industries of Pakistan FUNDED BY THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION Threatens coal industry jobs NIMBY Clean, green energy Income earner Harmful to biodiversity

6. SCI-Pak Sustainable and Cleaner production in the manufacturing industries of Pakistan FUNDED BY THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION 6 www.ihtpk.com Achieving sustainability requires…. Collaboration, partnership – all levels of governments, non-government, business, communities, individuals Integration– social, economic, ecological Systems-thinking Learning and adapting Top-down and bottom-up Challenging norms, values, beliefs… “Sustainability requires change”

7. SCI-Pak Sustainable and Cleaner production in the manufacturing industries of Pakistan FUNDED BY THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION 7 www.ihtpk.com Approaches and tools to achieve change Our responses need to change from ‘command and control’, end of pipe solutions to preventive, proactive and integrated approaches

8. SCI-Pak Sustainable and Cleaner production in the manufacturing industries of Pakistan FUNDED BY THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION 8 www.ihtpk.com Waste Management

9. SCI-Pak Sustainable and Cleaner production in the manufacturing industries of Pakistan FUNDED BY THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION 9 www.ihtpk.com Total (Integrated) Urban Water Cycle Management Precipitation Urban Catchment Stormwater System Wastewater System Water Supply System Receiving Water