1. Female Reproduction & Birth Control

2. Outline Female Reproductive Structures
Closer look at the ovary and hormonal control
Ovulation & Menstrual Cycle
Contraception

3. Female Reproductive Tract
Internal reproductive organs
External genitalia

4. Histology of the human ovary

5. Hormonal control hypothalamus & pituitary glands

6. Hormonal control of the ovary

7. Hormones and Menstrual Cycle
Ovulation and LH Surge

10. Types of Birth Controls
Hormonal methods
Prevention of implantation
Barrier methods
RU 486

11. Oral Contraceptives

12. Oral Contraceptives Oral contraceptives:
are bases on the fact that estrogen and progesterone can inhibit GnRH.

13. Types of oral contraceptives
Combination of:
synthetic progestins and estrogens
Minipill:
contains only progesterone-like substances

14. Disadvantages:Oral Contraceptives
Controversy:
associated with BRCA
Does NOT protect against STD’s
mammogram

15. Norplant and Depo-Provera
implanted beneath the skin
lasts 5 year, progesterone-like steroids
Intramuscular injection
of progesterone like substance
every 3 months

16. RU 486: within 72 hours of intercourse
Has antiprogesterone activity
RU 486 (mifepristone) is followed by prostaglandin derivative
Endometrium erodes and contraction of myometrium

17. Plan B
Plan B® is an emergency contraceptive that can still prevent a pregnancy after contraceptive failure or unprotected sex.
Plan B® should be taken within 3 days (72 hours) of unprotected sex and can reduce the risk of pregnancy by 89%. But the sooner you take it the more effective it will be.
Plan B® is not RU-486 (the abortion pill); it will not work if you are already pregnant.
Has progesterone activity

18. Intrauterine device (IUD)
Acts prior to fertilization
Interferes with implantation

19. Condoms Advantage protects against STD’s Latex
Female condom polyurethane

20. Vaginal Sponge May be inserted as much as 24 hrs before intercourse
May irritate vaginal lining
May fragment

21. Diaphragms and Cervical Caps

22. Sterilization
Vasectomy
Tubal Ligation

24. Fertilization An egg can be fertilized for 12-24 hours after ovulation
Sperm can be viable for 4-6 days
Approximately 1 minute after intercourse sperm are in uterus