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Understanding and Using Maps
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1.Identify the continents or oceans indicated by the letters A – I.
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Latitude and Longitude ► The earth is divided into lots of lines called latitude and longitude.
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Lines ► Longitude lines run north and south. ► Latitude lines run east and west. ► The lines measure distances in degrees. Latitude Longitude
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Where is 0 degree? ► The equator is 0 degree latitude. ► It is an imaginary belt that runs halfway point between the North Pole and the South Pole. Equator
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Where is 0 degree? ► The prime meridian is 0 degrees longitude. This imaginary line runs through the United Kingdom, France, Spain, western Africa, and Antarctica. Prime Meridian
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Compass ► A compass is a tool that helps the user know what direction one is headed. ► On a map, a compass or a compass rose helps the user locate these directions.
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Map Legends ► The legend is the key to unlocking the secrets of a map. Objects or colors in the legend represent something on the map. Religions Legend
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Age Expectancy Legend
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Can you understand this legend?
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World Map Prime Meridian Equator North Pole South Pole N.America S.America Africa Europe Asia Australia Antarctica Pacific Ocean Atlantic Ocean Pacific Ocean Indian Ocean Southern Ocean Arctic Ocean
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The previous map was very simple. It only shows generalized places. To locate a specific point on Earth we need a more detailed map.
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So, how can we use latitude and longitude values to find locations on a map? Flattening makes it easier!
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1.What information is missing from the map above.? 2. According to the map which are the developed countries? 3. According to the map which are the developing countries?
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Typical Graph ► This is an example of a typical graph we are all familiar with. ► This graph is made up of different “points” with lines that connect the points.
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Typical Graph ► Each point has two values: horizontal “X” axis ► The “X” value that runs along the horizontal “X” axis vertical “Y” axis ► The “Y” value that runs along the vertical “Y” axis Y axis X axis
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Typical Graph ► X value is always stated first ► Followed by the Y value ► The “origin” is the point where the 2 axes intersect with a value of (0,0) (0,0) (3,8) Y X (9,5)
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Typical Graph ► A point can also have negative (-) values ► Negative X values are to the left of the origin (0,0) ► Negative Y values are below the origin (0,0) X Y (-X,+Y) (+X,-Y) (+X,+Y) (-X,-Y) (0,0)
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East/West, North/South on The Earth ► Let the X axis be the Equator. ► Let the Y axis be the Prime Meridian (runs through Greenwich outside of London). ► Lat/Long values are the 2 grid points by which you can locate any point on earth. Y X
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East/West, North/South on The Earth ► Let each of the four quarters then be designated by North or South and East or West. N S EW
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East/West, North/South on The Earth ► The N tells us we’re north of the Equator. ► The S tells us we’re south of the Equator. ► The E tells us that we’re east of the Prime Meridian. ► The W tells us that we’re west of the Prime Meridian. (N, W) (N, E) (S, W) (S, E) N S EW
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► That means all points in North America will have a North latitude and a West longitude because it is North of the Equator and West of the Prime Meridian. (N, W) Prime Meridian East/West, North/South on The Earth Equator
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East West, North South on the Earth ► What would be the latitude and longitude directions in Australia? ► What would be the latitude and longitude directions in S.America? Prime Meridian ? Equator ?
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What is Latitude? ► Latitude is the distance from the equator along the Y axis. ► All points along the equator have a value of 0 degrees latitude. ► North pole = 90°N ► South pole = 90°S ► Values are expressed in terms of degrees. Y X 90°S 90°N 0°0°
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What is Longitude? ► Longitude is the distance from the prime meridian along the X axis. ► All points along the prime meridian have a value of 0 degrees longitude. Y X 180°W 180°E 90°E90°W 0°0°
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So Where is (0,0)? ► The origin point (0,0) is where the equator intersects the prime meridian. ► (0,0) is off the western coast of Africa in the Atlantic Ocean.
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‘DoNow’ See If You Can Tell In Which Quarter These Long/Lats points Are Located ► 1. 41°N, 21°E ► 2. 37°N, 76°W ► 3. 72°S, 141°W ► 4. 7°S, 23°W ► 5. 15°N, 29°E ► 6. 34°S, 151°E AB C D
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Where can you find Madagascar?:, 69° W18° NWhere can you find Santo Domingo?: 20° S, 47° E SD M ± ±
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0° 90° 30° 60° 180° 90° 180° 90° 45° 135°
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‘DoNow’ 1. ¿Qué línea se encuentra en 0° latitude? 2. ¿Qué línea se encuentra en 0° longitude? 3. ¿Como se llego a determinar el local para la línea en la pregunta #2?
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‘DoNow’ ► What kind of line is the equator? ► Why you need a legend on a map? ► What are the cardinal directions? ► According to Question # 3 are these the only directions that you can travel?
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Sites to visit ► Look up Latitude and Longitude for US Cities Latitude and Longitude for US CitiesLatitude and Longitude for US Cities ► Maps and Map Skills Degrees, Latitude, & Longitude Worksheet Maps and Map Skills Degrees, Latitude, & Longitude Worksheet Maps and Map Skills Degrees, Latitude, & Longitude Worksheet ► Latitude and Longitude Map (lesson plan) Latitude and Longitude Maplesson plan Latitude and Longitude Maplesson plan ► Scale Scale ► Time Zones Time Zones Time Zones ► Anchors Aweigh (a map adventure) Anchors Aweigh Anchors Aweigh ► Map Quiz Map Quiz Map Quiz ► Make Your Own Map Make Your Own Map Make Your Own Map ► Topography Maps Topography Maps Topography Maps ► U. S. Map Collection U. S. Map Collection U. S. Map Collection ► GeoSpy Game GeoSpy ► Globe Projector Globe Projector Globe Projector ► GeoGame GeoGame
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Additional Sources ► Atlas - World (Holt, Rinehart and Winston) Atlas - World (Holt, Rinehart and Winston) Atlas - World (Holt, Rinehart and Winston) ► Outline Map of US Outline Map of US Outline Map of US ► Map Packet Download Map Packet Download Map Packet Download ► Maps.com Maps.com ► National Geographic Xpeditions National Geographic Xpeditions National Geographic Xpeditions ► Maps & Globes Maps & Globes Maps & Globes
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