2. Top Ten Myths About Consciousness 1.Hypnosis is a unique “trance” state that differs in kind from wakefulness. 2.Researchers have demonstrated that dreams possess symbolic meaning. 3.During “out-of-body” experiences people’s consciousness leaves their bodies. 4.Relaxation is necessary for hypnosis to occur. 5.People have no memory for what took place while hypnotized. 6.Sleeping pills are a good long term treatment for insomnia. 7.People only dream in black and white. 8..Most sleep walkers are acting out their dreams; most sleeptalkers are verbalizing them. 9.If we dream that we die, we actually die. 10.Transcendental meditation is a uniquely effective means of achieving relaxation.

3. Waking States of Consciousness Alpha Beta

4. Stages of Sleep NREM -1 NREM -2 NREM -3 REM

5. Dream Theories Freud (manifest and latent content) Jung (collective unconscious and archetypes) Dreams as Solutions Activation – Synthesis

6. Characteristics of the Hypnotic State The Subject Ceases to Make Plans Attention is Redistributed Reality Distortion is Readily Accepted The Hypnotized Subject Readily Enacts Unusual Roles Posthypnotic Amnesia is Often Present

7. Characteristics of Hypnotized Subjects Openness to Experience Creating Vivid Images Absorption

8. Two Steps in Meditation Subject Clears Mind Subject Attends to Stimulus (concentrative - mantra, opening-up, mindfulness)

9. Alcohol Depressant Stumble and Slur Poor Judgment Physiologically Addictive Withdrawal Symptoms

10. Amphetamines Benzedrine, Dexedrine, Methedrine Stimulants Dulls Appetite Increases Energy Speed Freak – Amphetamine Psychosis

11. Marijuana Hallucinogen Euphoria Affects Complex Behaviors Doesn’t Affect Simple Behaviors May Cause Panic Reactions in Large Doses

12. Heroin Narcotic Orgasm of the Whole Body Nausea Sexual Interest Declines Physiologically Addictive Withdrawal Symptoms