1. Split Notes Cells and Life Key Terms 1.Who was the first scientist to actually study cells? 2. Who were three men who were involved in the development of the cell theory? Explanations, Information, and Concepts 1.The first scientist to study the cell was Robert Hooke. Observed pieces of cork oak Noticed small openings in the bark Named the openings “cell” from the Latin cellula, meaning “small room” 2. The three men who were involved in the development of the cell theory were Matthias Schleiden, Thomas Schwann, and Rudolf Verchow.

2. Split Notes Cells and Life Key Terms 3.What type of cells was Schleiden studying? 4.What was Virchow’s contribution to the cell theory? 5. List the three tenets of the cell theory. Explanations, Definitions, and Concepts 3.Schleiden studied plant cells. Schwann studied animal cells. 4.Virchow’s contribution to the cell theory was that all cells come from pre-existing cells. 5.The three tenets of the cell theory are: a. The cell is the smallest unit of life. b. All living things are made of one or more cells. c. New cells come from pre- existing cells.

3. Split Notes Cells and Life Key Terms 6.What is the most important ingredient in living cells? 7.What functions does water play in the body? 8. What is a macromolecule? Explanations, Definitions, and Concepts 6. The most important ingredient in all living cells is water. Water is a polar molecule, meaning that each end of the molecule is charged. One end is positively charged and the other end is negatively charged. This enables water to attract other substances that have opposite charges. 7. Water fills and surrounds cells and it helps maintain homeostasis, or a stable internal environment. 8. A macromolecule is a long chain of small molecules that form substances necessary for life.

4. Split Notes Cells and Life Key Terms 9. What are the four types of macromolecules? 10. What are nucleic acids? Explanations, Definitions, and Concepts 9.There are four types of macromolecules: nucleic acids proteins lipids, carbohydrates 10.Nucleic acids are macromolecules that form when long chains of molecules called nucleotides join together. Nucleic acids are important because they carry genetic information.

5. Split Notes Cells and Life Key Terms 11.Describe the two kinds of nucleic acids. Explanations, Definitions, and Concepts 11. The two kinds of nucleic acids are a. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) b. Ribonucleic acid (RNA) DNA is found in the nucleus of a cell. It passes genetic information to offspring from parents. It includes instructions for cell growth, cell reproduction, and cell processes that allow a cell to respond to its environment. DNA is used to make RNA. RNA is used to make proteins.

6. Split Notes Cells and Life Key Terms 12. What are proteins? Explanations, Definitions, and Concepts 12. Proteins are long chains of amino acid molecules. They are made from RNA. Proteins have many functions in the body. They: help cells communicate with each other help break down nutrients in food provide structural support help transport substances around the cells.

7. Split Notes Cells and Life 13.What is a lipid? 14.Why are lipids important in the cell? 13.A lipid is a large macromolecule that does not dissolve in water. 14. Lipids play an important roles as protective barriers in the cell, in energy storage, and in cell communication.

8. Split Notes Cells and Life 15. What is a carbohydrate? 16.What are the functions of carbohydrates? 17.What is a plant carbohydrate? 15.Carbohydrates are long chains of sugar molecules. 16.Carbohydrates store energy, provide structural support, and are needed for communication between cells. 17. Cellulose is a carbohrate in the cell walls that provides structural support.