2. CH 3 SEC 3 CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS IN CELLS

3. PURPOSE/GOAL – LEARN WHAT CELLS USE AND NEED FOR SURVIVAL. PURPOSE/GOAL – LEARN WHAT CELLS USE AND NEED FOR SURVIVAL.

4. ELEMENTS AND COMPOUNDS ELEMENTS - ARE THE BASIC BUILDING BLOCKS FOR….. EVERYTHING IS MADE OF MATTER ELEMENTS - ARE THE BASIC BUILDING BLOCKS FOR….. EVERYTHING IS MADE OF MATTER EX- OXYGEN AND NITROGEN ARE ELEMENTS. NAME SOME OTHERS? EX- OXYGEN AND NITROGEN ARE ELEMENTS. NAME SOME OTHERS? KEY- AN ELEMENT IS ANY SUBSTANCE THAT CANNOT BE BROKEN DOWN INTO ANY OTHER SUBSTANCES. KEY- AN ELEMENT IS ANY SUBSTANCE THAT CANNOT BE BROKEN DOWN INTO ANY OTHER SUBSTANCES. KEY- THE SMALLEST UNIT OF AN ELEMENT IS CALLED AN ATOM KEY- THE SMALLEST UNIT OF AN ELEMENT IS CALLED AN ATOM

6. ELEMENTS AND COMPOUNDS KEY- WHEN 2 OR MORE ELEMENTS COMBINE CHEMICALLY, THEY FORM A COMPOUND KEY- WHEN 2 OR MORE ELEMENTS COMBINE CHEMICALLY, THEY FORM A COMPOUND KEY- CARBON DIOXIDE IS A COMPOUND MADE OF CARBON AND OXYGEN KEY- CARBON DIOXIDE IS A COMPOUND MADE OF CARBON AND OXYGEN WATER- H2O? WHAT? MAKES UP 2/3 OF YOUR BODY! ESSENTIAL FOR MOST LIFE AS WE KNOW IT!

7. http://www.brainpop.com/science/e arthsystem/water/ http://www.brainpop.com/science/e arthsystem/water/

8. IN/ORGANIC COMPOUNDS KEY- MOST CHEMICAL REACTIONS WITHIN CELLS COULD NOT TAKE PLACE WITHOUT WATER! KEY- MOST CHEMICAL REACTIONS WITHIN CELLS COULD NOT TAKE PLACE WITHOUT WATER! KEY- CARBOHYDRATES, LIPIDS, PROTEINS, AND NUCLEIC ACIDS ARE IMPORTANT GROUPS OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS THAT PLAY A ROLE IN THE FUNCTION OF CELLS KEY- CARBOHYDRATES, LIPIDS, PROTEINS, AND NUCLEIC ACIDS ARE IMPORTANT GROUPS OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS THAT PLAY A ROLE IN THE FUNCTION OF CELLS

9. CARBOHYDRATES CARBOHYDRATE - IS AN ENERGY RICH COMPOUND MADE OF THE ELEMENTS CARBON, HYDROGEN, AND OXYGEN. CARBOHYDRATE - IS AN ENERGY RICH COMPOUND MADE OF THE ELEMENTS CARBON, HYDROGEN, AND OXYGEN. EX- SUGARS AND STARCHES LIKE FRUITS, POTATOES, PASTA, RICE, ….ETC EX- SUGARS AND STARCHES LIKE FRUITS, POTATOES, PASTA, RICE, ….ETC KEY- IN ADDITION TO PROVIDING ENERGY FOR THE CELL, CARBOHYDRATES ARE IMPORTANT COMPONENTS OF SOME CELL PARTS KEY- IN ADDITION TO PROVIDING ENERGY FOR THE CELL, CARBOHYDRATES ARE IMPORTANT COMPONENTS OF SOME CELL PARTS EX- THE CELL WALL AND CELL MEMBRANE ARE MADE MOSTLY OF CARBOHYDRATES EX- THE CELL WALL AND CELL MEMBRANE ARE MADE MOSTLY OF CARBOHYDRATES

11. http://www.brainpop.com/health/nutrition/c arbohydrates/ http://www.brainpop.com/health/nutrition/c arbohydrates/ http://www.brainpop.com/health/nutrition/c arbohydrates/ http://www.brainpop.com/health/nutrition/c arbohydrates/

12. LIPIDS LIPIDS- ARE ENERGY RICH ORGANIC COMPOUNDS MADE OF CARBON, HYDROGEN AND OXYGEN. LIPIDS- ARE ENERGY RICH ORGANIC COMPOUNDS MADE OF CARBON, HYDROGEN AND OXYGEN. EX- FATS, OILS, AND WAXES ARE ALL LIPIDS EX- FATS, OILS, AND WAXES ARE ALL LIPIDS KEY- CONTAIN MORE ENERGY THAN CARBOHYDRATES. CELLS STORE ENERGY IN LIPIDS FOR LATER USE KEY- CONTAIN MORE ENERGY THAN CARBOHYDRATES. CELLS STORE ENERGY IN LIPIDS FOR LATER USE EX- BEAR HIBERNATION EX- BEAR HIBERNATION KEY- IN ADDITION TO THEIR FUNCTION AS AN ENERGY SOURCE, LIPIDS ALSO MAKE UP MOST OF THE CELL MEMBRANE KEY- IN ADDITION TO THEIR FUNCTION AS AN ENERGY SOURCE, LIPIDS ALSO MAKE UP MOST OF THE CELL MEMBRANE

13. http://www.brainpop.com/health/nutrition/fa ts/preview.weml http://www.brainpop.com/health/nutrition/fa ts/preview.weml

14. PROTEINS PROTEINS- ARE LARGE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS MADE OF CARBON, HYDROGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, AND,, IN SOME CASES, SULFUR PROTEINS- ARE LARGE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS MADE OF CARBON, HYDROGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, AND,, IN SOME CASES, SULFUR EX- MEAT, EGGS, FISH, NUTS, AND BEANS EX- MEAT, EGGS, FISH, NUTS, AND BEANS AMINO ACIDS- ARE SMALLER MOLECULES THAT MAKE UP PROTEINS. THERE ARE ONLY 20 COMMON AMINO ACIDS BUT THEY COMBINE TO FORM THOUSANDS OF DIFFERENT PROTEINS (THINK ALPHABET) AMINO ACIDS- ARE SMALLER MOLECULES THAT MAKE UP PROTEINS. THERE ARE ONLY 20 COMMON AMINO ACIDS BUT THEY COMBINE TO FORM THOUSANDS OF DIFFERENT PROTEINS (THINK ALPHABET) KEY- THE PROTEINS KNOWN AS ENZYMES PERFORM IMPORTANT FUNCTIONS IN THE CHEMICAL REACTIONS THAT TAKE PLACE IN CELLS KEY- THE PROTEINS KNOWN AS ENZYMES PERFORM IMPORTANT FUNCTIONS IN THE CHEMICAL REACTIONS THAT TAKE PLACE IN CELLS

16. PROTEINS CONT’D ENZYME- IS A TYPE OF PROTEIN THAT SPEEDS UP CHEMICAL REACTIONS IN A LIVING THING. ENZYME- IS A TYPE OF PROTEIN THAT SPEEDS UP CHEMICAL REACTIONS IN A LIVING THING. KEY- WITHOUT ENZYMES, MANY CHEMICAL REACTION THAT ARE NECESSARY FOR LIFE WOULD EITHER TAKE TOO LONG OR NOT OCCUR AT ALL KEY- WITHOUT ENZYMES, MANY CHEMICAL REACTION THAT ARE NECESSARY FOR LIFE WOULD EITHER TAKE TOO LONG OR NOT OCCUR AT ALL EX- (SALIVA) EX- (SALIVA)

17. NUCLEIC ACID NUCLEIC ACIDS- ARE VERY LONG ORGANIC MOLECULES MADE OF CARBON, H, N, PHOSPHORUS. NUCLEIC ACIDS- ARE VERY LONG ORGANIC MOLECULES MADE OF CARBON, H, N, PHOSPHORUS. KEY- NUCLEIC ACIDS CONTAIN THE INSTRUCTIONS THAT CELLS NEED TO CARRY OUT……. ALL THE FUNCTIONS OF LIFE KEY- NUCLEIC ACIDS CONTAIN THE INSTRUCTIONS THAT CELLS NEED TO CARRY OUT……. ALL THE FUNCTIONS OF LIFE

18. 2 TYPES OF NUCLEIC ACIDS DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACIDS- DNA - IS GENETICS MATERIAL THAT GETS PASSED ON FROM PARENT TO OFFSPRING AND DIRECT ALL OF THE CELLS FUNCTION DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACIDS- DNA - IS GENETICS MATERIAL THAT GETS PASSED ON FROM PARENT TO OFFSPRING AND DIRECT ALL OF THE CELLS FUNCTION LOCATED IN THE NUCLEUS LOCATED IN THE NUCLEUS RIBONUCLEIC ACID- RNA- PLAYS AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN THE PRODUCTION OF PROTEINS RIBONUCLEIC ACID- RNA- PLAYS AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN THE PRODUCTION OF PROTEINS LOCATED IN THE CYTOPLASM AND NUCLEUS LOCATED IN THE CYTOPLASM AND NUCLEUS

19. ASSESSMENT WRITE THE Q AND A WHAT IS A COMPOUND? EXAMPLE? WHAT IS A COMPOUND? EXAMPLE? NAME FOUR GROUPS OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS IMPORTANT TO LIVING THINGS NAME FOUR GROUPS OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS IMPORTANT TO LIVING THINGS WHAT ARE 3 IMPORTANT FUNCTIONS WATER PREFORMS IN CELLS? WHAT ARE 3 IMPORTANT FUNCTIONS WATER PREFORMS IN CELLS? WHICH OF THE FOUR TYPES OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS GIVE CELLS ENERGY? WHICH OF THE FOUR TYPES OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS GIVE CELLS ENERGY? WHAT ARE THE FUNCTIONS OF PROTEINS? WHAT ARE THE FUNCTIONS OF PROTEINS?

20. http://www.brainpop.com/science/matteran dchemistry/bodychemistry/ http://www.brainpop.com/science/matteran dchemistry/bodychemistry/ http://www.brainpop.com/science/matteran dchemistry/bodychemistry/ http://www.brainpop.com/science/matteran dchemistry/bodychemistry/ http://www.brainpop.com/science/cellularlif eandgenetics/dna/ http://www.brainpop.com/science/cellularlif eandgenetics/dna/ http://www.brainpop.com/science/cellularlif eandgenetics/dna/ http://www.brainpop.com/science/cellularlif eandgenetics/dna/ http://www.brainpop.com/science/cellularlif eandgenetics/dna/ http://www.brainpop.com/science/cellularlif eandgenetics/dna/ http://www.brainpop.com/science/cellularlif eandgenetics/dna/ http://www.brainpop.com/science/cellularlif eandgenetics/dna/