1. Leadership

2. Management Styles – which best? Autocratic (Scientific Management) Autocratic (Scientific Management) Democratic (Human Relations) Democratic (Human Relations) Laissez Faire Laissez Faire

3. Management Styles – which best? Autocratic Autocratic respected leader, emergency situation, type X workers, time is short, narrowly defined jobs, high degree of risk, existing management style not working Democratic Democratic employees skilled and trained, high level of motivation, discussion produces better results, more than one method, type Y workers, existing management style not working, no strict time frame Laissez Faire Laissez Faire multi approach task, no best way, a situational approach

4. Management Styles So there are 3 styles? So there are 3 styles? Or are there? Or are there? How about 81 styles!? How about 81 styles!?

5. Blake Mouton Managerial Grid People or Task focused X X XX X People Task 1 1 9 9 Scores 1:9 (Country club) 1:1 (Failing?) 9:1 (Task Managers) 9:9 (Team Managers) 5:5 (Middle of the road)

6. Scores 1:9 maximum concern for people, minimal concern for product, ‘friendly’, manager ‘one of the boys’, concern for social/personal welfare is addressed, lower productivity, conflict ignored 1:1 mimimal concern for people and product, laissez faire, little effort, little involvement, probably a failed approach today 9:1 minimum concern for people, purely task focused, people ‘a number’, fits Taylor’s scientific approach, autocratic, little commitment, ‘them v us’ barriers exist, maximum control, strict command 9:9 ‘ideal’ style, maximum concern for people and product, management gets involved, managers in overalls, fits Herzberg motivating factors, complete involvement 5:5 a balance of people/product focus, some control but not too much, can fail when high productivity is crucial

7. Blake’s Grid A)Categorise some teachers in terms of Blake’s grid A)Categorise some teachers in terms of Blake’s grid B) Should all managers follow a 9:9 style? B) Should all managers follow a 9:9 style?

8. Likert AutocraticDemocratic System 1System 2System 3System 4 Top down commands Threats Punishments No conusltation Full involvement Regular discussion Some opportunity for discussion Features of both approaches

9. Tannenbaum Schmidt Continuum of Leadership Tells Tells Sells Sells Consults Consults Shares Shares Delegates Delegates Authoritative Freedom TSCShD