1. URBAN IMPROVEMENTS

2.  In western cities, attempts by planning authorities have tried to alleviate social and economic problems by:  Inner city renewal and redevelopment  Planning of new towns  Urban renewal ‘Demolition of old sub standard homes in the inner city and construction of modern houses in the same area’ The residential function remains the same  Urban redevelopment ‘Demolition of derelict buildings and their replacement with offices, hotels and apartments’ The function of the area changes

3. Case Study: Fatima mansions in Dolphin’s barn Dublin  Dolphins barn is located in Dublin’s south inner city and were at an economic and social disadvantage  Lone parents headed 44% of households (greater risk of poverty than two parent/income families)  Children under 15 made up 38% of the population  61% of adults had no formal education  Unemployment was 39% in 2005  Community had high levels of ill health, high school drop out rates and a serious drug problem

5. Renewal of the area  The Fatima Regeneration board began the process of renewing the Fatima community  In 2005 demolition and rebuilding began  Fatima mansions have been replaced with socially mixed homes

6.  The regeneration board realised that the quality of peoples lived had to be improved

8. Planning for new towns  Planners have created new towns in order to control urban sprawl, e.g. Tallaght, Lucan, Clondalkin, Blanchardstown and Adamstown

9. Tallaght  Tallaght is located on the south west of Dublin  In the 1960’s it was a village surrounded by farmland  Much of Tallaght was built in the 1970s  The population consisted of people from Dublin's inner city and people who came from outside the Dublin area  Population has grown from 1,402 in 1961 to 64,281 in 2006

10. Poor services  Housing densities were low  Services such as leisure, shops and public transport were poor  A high percentage of the population was under 15  High unemployment during recession in 1980s

11. Tallaght Today

12.  The Square is one of Irelands best known shopping centres  A regional hospital serving south west Dublin  The terminal of the Luas red line  Industrial estates that have many international companies  The Tallaght Institute of Technology  Sporting facilities such as the National basketball arena, GAA clubs and Tallaght Stadium  Cultural projects that have two theatres

13. Adamstown: Irelands’ first twenty first century town  Located 16 km west of Dublin city centre  Construction began in 2004  High density development  Unlike Tallaght services were provided early  Adamstown has two primary schools and a secondary school  2008 planning permission granted for development of shops, leisure activities and offices