1. Land use

2. Lesson Objectives: - Recap land use in a city - Examine issues of urbanisation

3. Central area of a town What facilities?

4. Land use Function CBD Inner city Suburbs Answer the questions on page 197

5. Issues affecting cities: 1)Housing 2)Inner city 3)Traffic 4)Multicultural mix 5)Central Business District (CBD)

6. Key points: More people living alone in England – increase in … Why though? (Think about when people leave home, marriage and life expectancy) Government target – 240,000 new homes every year - 60% on brownfield cites

7. Cuts commuting More space for gardens Land cheaper on outskirts so plots can be larger New sites do not need clearing so can be cheap to prepare Some shops and business parks on outskirts provide local facilities Pleasant countryside may appeal to potential home owners Utilities such as water and electricity are already provided Roads already exist Sites in cities are not left derelict and/or empty No restrictions of existing road network Easier to get planning permission as councils want to see sites used Near to facilities in town centres, e.g. shops, entertainment and work Advantages of building on: Brownfield sitesVsGreenfield sites

8. Cuts commuting More space for gardens Land cheaper on outskirts so plots can be larger New sites do not need clearing so can be cheap to prepare Some shops and business parks on outskirts provide local facilities Pleasant countryside may appeal to potential home owners Utilities such as water and electricity are already provided Roads already exist Sites in cities are not left derelict and/or empty No restrictions of existing road network Easier to get planning permission as councils want to see sites used Near to facilities in town centres, e.g. shops, entertainment and work Advantages of building on: Brownfield sitesVsGreenfield sites

9. A: professional accountant working in a city centre office, aged 26 B: a 68 year old pensioner, widowed and living alone C: a couple seeking an old, modernised house as a first home together D: a family with two children aged 10 and 12

10. Which house is most suitable? Explain the advantages of living there

11. Odd one out? Regeneration in inner city

12. Strategies =1) Urban Development Corporations (UDCs) 2) City Challenge Hulme, Manchester 3) Sustainable communities Location LondonNew Islington, Manchester Dates 1990’s What was done? Who was involved? London Docklands Development Corporation (LDDC) Local communities, hospital Where funding came from? £37.5 million from City Challenge What has been done to improve housing, environment and community?

13. Advantages and disadvantages for each regeneration project Explain which is the best project?

14. Traffic congestion: Environmental problems? Air pollution, noise from heavy vehicles, buildings discoloured, health issues like asthma and it looks ugly

15. Traffic congestion: Environmental problems? 3 Problems: 3 Solutions (name places):

16. Traffic solutions: What will the congestion charge encourage people to do?

17. Traffic solutions: Park and ride schemes

18. Multicultural mix: segregation in communities. Why? They feel supported, similar culture, safety, job opportunities in areas Initiatives in Leeds to integrate ethnic groups: more opportunities in schools such as improving literacy, increasing employment opportunities, more community involvement in decision making

19. Multicultural mix: segregation in communities. Why do they choose to segregate themselves? Initiatives in Leeds to integrate ethnic groups:

20. CBD change in Leeds: See page 204

21. Brownfield sites Local authorities design a scheme involving local community and private companies. Set up in 1980’s using public money to buy land and improve inner city areas. City challenge Improving an area. Land not built on before in countryside or edge of built up area. Match the key Urbanisation terms: Household Person living alone, or 2 or more living at same address sharing a living room. People of an ethnic group choose to live with others of same ethnic group. A low cost bus service run to key places from car parks found on the edge of busy areas. Segregation Community in balance with environment and offers good quality of life. Land built on before. It is cleared and reused. Greenfield sites Urban Development Corporations Regeneration Sustainable community Park and ride scheme

22. Brownfield sites Local authorities design a scheme involving local community and private companies. Set up in 1980’s using public money to buy land and improve inner city areas. City challenge Improving an area. Land not built on before in countryside or edge of built up area. Match the key Urbanisation terms: Household Person living alone, or 2 or more living at same address sharing a living room. People of an ethnic group choose to live with others of same ethnic group. A low cost bus service run to key places from car parks found on the edge of busy areas. Segregation Community in balance with environment and offers good quality of life. Land built on before. It is cleared and reused. Greenfield sites Urban Development Corporations Regeneration Sustainable community Park and ride scheme