1.  A contradiction between what a character thinks and says, and what the audience or reader knows is true

2.  Results in many characters being on different “pages” (some are more aware of things than others, some have false impressions, some are completely unaware)  Characters invested in Romeo and Juliet, but under false pretenses/don’t have the whole story?

3.  Chorus—”narrator” character that voices the Prologues (one before Act I, one before Act II)  Omniscient (knows everything)  We see this from the foreshadowing of events to come (you can only foreshadow if you know the future)