2.  3 instruments that together assess medical and psychiatric comorbidities within a geriatric population living in a Long-Term Care (LTC) facility  Geriatric Level of Dysfunction Scale (GLDS)- 20 items  Psychosocial Resistance to Activities of Daily Living Index (PRADLI)- 8 items  Geriatric Multidimensional Pain/Illness (GMPI)- 14 items

3.  GRRAS Competitive Advantage: ◦ The three instruments or rating forms were developed and normed for use together as a part of a comprehensive geriatric evaluation. ◦ Other commercially available (similar) measures may be used together, but they were designed by different research groups and were normed on different populations (if at all).

4.  446 participants, including independent living, nursing home, assisted living and Alzheimer’s disease.  Four normative groups (see page 63 of Manual): ◦ General Unaffected ◦ Affected ◦ Dementia ◦ Pain  Uses %iles and Qualitative Descriptors.

5.  3 Instruments - GLDS, PRADLI, and GMPI  Score range depends on instruments  All use behavioral anchors  Subscales available on GLDS and GMPI

6.  Internal Consistency.71 to.93  Test-retest reliability ranges from.62 to.98  Interrater reliability ranges from.87 to.97  Construct Validity (see pp.72 ff.) ◦ MMSE and RGDS ◦ Katz ADL ◦ GDS

7.  GRRAS Score Report: ◦ Score Summary Table ◦ Scale and Cluster Score Profiles ◦ Item Summary Table ◦ Item Score Profiles ◦ Critical Elevation Care Plan.  GRRAS Progress Monitoring Report : ◦ Longitudinal Assessment Summary Table ◦ Scale and Cluster Score Profiles ◦ Longitudinal Item Summary Tables ◦ Item Score Profiles.  GRRAS Quick Note Report: ◦ Score Summary Table ◦ Critical Item Summary Table