1. Medication Preparations and Supplies
Chapter 4
Medication Preparations and Supplies

2. Oral

3. Tablet
Disc of compressed drug; may be coated to enhance easy swallowing. May be scored

4. Enteric-coated tablet
Tablet with special coating that resists disintegration by gastric juices

5. Timed-release (Sustained-Release)
Capsule containing drug particles that have various coatings that differ in the amount of time required before coatings dissolve

6. Lozenge
Tablet containing palatable flavoring, indicated for a local (often soothing) effect on the throat or mouth

7. Suspension
Liquid form of medication that must be shaken well before administration because the drug particles settle at the bottom of the bottle

8. Liquid drug preparation that contains oils and fats in water
Emulsion
Liquid drug preparation that contains oils and fats in water

9. Liquid drug forms with alcohol base
Elixir, fluid extract
Liquid drug forms with alcohol base

10. Sweetened, flavored liquid drug form
Syrup
Sweetened, flavored liquid drug form

11. Liquid drug form in which the drug is totally evenly dissolved
Solution
Liquid drug form in which the drug is totally evenly dissolved

12. Rectal

13. Suppository
Drug suspended in a substance, such as cocoa butter, that melts at body temperature

14. Drug suspended in solution to be administered as an enema
Enema solutuion
Drug suspended in solution to be administered as an enema

15. Injectable

16. Drugs suspended in a sterile vehicle
Solution
Drugs suspended in a sterile vehicle

17. Dry particles of drugs to be mixed with a sterile diluting solution
Powder
Dry particles of drugs to be mixed with a sterile diluting solution

18. Injected directly into a vein (immediate absorption)
Intravenous
Injected directly into a vein (immediate absorption)

19. Injected into a muscle positioning the needle at a 90-degree angle
Intramuscular
Injected into a muscle positioning the needle at a 90-degree angle

20. subcutaneous
Injected into the fatty layer of tissue below the skin by positioning the needle at a 45-degree angle

21. intradermal
Injected just beneath the skin, by positioning the needle bevel up and the syringe at a 15-degree angle

22. epidural
Injected into a catheter that has been placed by an anesthesiologist in the epidural space of the spinal canal.

23. Injected directly into the heart
intracardiac
Injected directly into the heart

24. intraspinal
Injected into the subarachnoid space which contains cerebrospinal fluid that surrounds the spinal cord.

25. Intracapsular (intra-articular)
Injected into the capsule of a joint, usually to reduce inflammation as in bursitis

26. Topical

27. Semisolid preparation containing a drug
Cream or ointment
Semisolid preparation containing a drug

28. lotion
A liquid preparation applied externally for treatment of skin disorders

29. liniment
Preparation for external use that is rubbed on the skin as a counterirritant

30. Dermal patch
Skin patch containing drug molecules that can be absorbed through the skin at varying rates to promote a consistent blood level between application times

31. Eye, ear, and nose drops (gtt)
Drugs in sterile liquids to be applied by drops

32. Eye ointment
Sterile semisolid preparation, often antibiotic in nature, for ophthalmic use only

33. Vaginal Creams
Medicated creams, often of antibiotic or antifungal nature that are inserted vaginally with the use of a special applicator

34. Rectal and Vaginal Suppositories
Drug suspended in a substance, such as cocoa butter, that melts at body temperature, for local effect

35. Douche solution
Sterile solution, often as an antiseptic such as povidone iodine solution and sterile water, used to irrigate the vaginal canal.

36. Tablet that is absorbed via the buccal mucosa in the mouth
Buccal tablet
Tablet that is absorbed via the buccal mucosa in the mouth

37. Tablet that is absorbed via the mucosa under the tongue
Sublingual tablet
Tablet that is absorbed via the mucosa under the tongue

38. Inhalable

39. Spray or Mist
Liquid drug forms that may be inhaled as fine droplets via the use of spray bottles, nebulizers, or metered dose inhalers.

40. Gas
Anesthetics, such as nitrous oxide, that are introduced via the respiratory route for general anesthesia