2. Chapter 16: Civil War

3. Section 1: The Two Sides

5. Choosing Sides Border States  Missouri  Kentucky  Delaware  Maryland

6. April, 1861 Mob attacked Northern troops in Baltimore, Maryland.  Burned down railroads, bridges and cut telegraph wires to Washington, D. C.

7. Street scene, Warrenton, VA, 1861

8. Remaining With the Union Maine, Pennsylvania, New York, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Kansas, Minnesota, Iowa, Michigan, Connecticut, New Jersey, California, Oregon, Vermont, New Hampshire, Wisconsin

9. Lincoln acts cautiously to avoid problems with border states Lincoln suspended some constitutional rights Arrested people for active support of secession Allowed rebellion against Missouri’s pro-confederate state government. Western Virginia secedes from Confederacy and joins the Union.

10. Northern Strength  Large population  More industry  Abundant resources  Better Banking, currency established  Government already formed  More Naval Ships  Better ports  Better Transportation  Great Leader

11. President Abraham Lincoln, 1863

12. Battleship Monitor in 1863

13. Northern Disadvantages  Had to be on the offensive side. Attack!  Invaded areas were population was against them  Public opinion was often divided in the North  Not Cohesive

15. War Aims and Strategy  Northern aims: Main goal was to win war and bring back the South into the Union Ending slavery was not a goal at first

16. Northern War Plans Navy Blockade Control Mississippi River Capture Richmond, the Confederate capital

17. Richmond, VA. 1862

18. Southern Strengths  Strong support for the war  Defending their homeland  Superior war leaders  President Davis was experienced and an ex war defense secretary for the United States

19. President of the Confederacy Jefferson Davis

20. Southern Weaknesses  Smaller population  Few factories  Produced less food  Poor transportation routes  Idea of State Rights: Could not get states to unite for war effort

21. Southern Aims and Strategies  To be recognized as an independent nation  Defend Home front  Tire the North

22. Southern Strategies  Great the support of Britain and France  Defend and Attack  Capture Washington, D.C.

23. Washington, D. c. 1861

24. American People at War: Americans Against Americans  Split families and divided friends and communities  Military graduates fought against each other

25. Who were the Soldiers Inexperienced and young Farmers Uneducated and Poor Naïve: Thought war would be over in 90 days Volunteers 850,000 fought for Confederate 21,000,000 fought for Union North eventually allowed African Americans to fight

28. The South refused to allow African Americans to fight. Why?

29. Union Troop: African American soldiers

30. False Hopes  Most Southerners did not think that the North did not have the conviction or desire to win  Confederates thought that the war would be over in least than an year  Northerners thought that they could win the war in 30 days

31. False Hopes Some leaders knew that it would be a long war Some politicians thought it may be longer than anticipated by the public The Spring of the war proved that it would be a long and bloody war.

33. False hopes turned to hopelessness by the end of the first year.