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Aerial Target Systems Update
CAPT Rick Smith Program Manager, PMA-208 (301) NDIA Aerial Targets Conference 19 November 2003
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Outline Program Mission Supersonic Targets Subsonic Targets
Future Development Target Control Systems Threat Simulation Miniaturization Advanced Technology
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US Navy Aerial Targets & Decoys
PMA-208 MISSION PROVIDE THREAT REPRESENTATIVE AERIAL TARGET SYSTEMS IN SUPPORT OF WEAPON SYSTEM TEST AND FLEET TRAINING SUBSCALE SUBSONIC AERIAL TARGET (SSAT) AAW ITALD TALD AQM-37 QF-4 MQM-8G MA-31 GQM-163A DECOYS FULL SCALE (FSAT) SUPERSONIC SEA SKIMMING (SSST) SUPERSONIC MISSILE BQM-74E BQM-74F BQM-34 TA/AS SNTC SYSTEM FOR NAVAL TARGET CONTROL (SNTC) AUXILIARY/ AUGMENTATION SYSTEMS (TA/AS) The US Navy has developed and operates a variety of target systems designed to meet the needs of both the test and training missions. These targets are capable of simulating tactical aircraft and a wide range of subsonic and supersonic missile systems. This mix of moderate and high fidelity target systems allows the Navy to met the specialized needs of the weapon system test and training missions Comprehensive threat representation Aircraft Missile Cost effective mix to support wide range of mission needs Training Test & Evaluation
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Operating Sites
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Supersonic Targets
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SSST Operational Requirements
SSST ORD (# ) identifies requirements to replicate a family of ASCM Threats A, B, C and D Threat A and B exist - mutually exclusive Vandal meeting Threat A - large, long range, one axis maneuver MA-31 meeting Threat B - small, short range, two axis maneuver Threat C covers requirements for A and B for T&E and Training Original threat now not projected to be developed ORD being revised to match secondary requirement GQM-163 meeting Threat C - small, long range, two axis maneuver Threat D requirement emerged earlier than anticipated Threat D mutually exclusive of Threat A, B and C class Two mode profile – subsonic with supersonic endgame FY00 FY01 FY02 FY03 FY04 FY05 FY06 FY07 FY08 FY09 Threat A (Vandal) Threat B (MA-31) GQM-163 (Threat C capable) ~ 40/yr Threat D (No Target)
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Production (Conversion)
Vandal Performance (Threat A) Airspeed Mach Range >40 nmi Altitude <30 ft Maneuvers >8 g Surface Launch Reliability 74-76% FY75-78 FY79-82 FY83-86 FY87-90 FY91-94 FY95-98 FY99-02 FY03-06 FY07-10 TALOS Missile Conversion approved Funded (Begin Development) INVENTORY LPD-17 2 Diver E&MD 8G: 1 ER: 3 EER: 7 Flight Testing SDTS / RAM 2 Diver 6 SSST Production Approved IOC Production (Conversion) Operations & Support Program Completion
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Production (Conversion)
MA-31 Performance (Threat B) Airspeed Low Altitude Mach High Altitude Mach 3.3 Range Low Altitude 16 nmi High Altitude 45 nmi Altitude <30 ft- 48 Kft Maneuvers >14 g Air Launch (QF-4) INVENTORY MA-31: 2 FY05 FY04 FY03 FY02 FY01 FY00 FY99 FY98 FY97 FY96 SSST MNS 6 JUL 92 SSST ORD 27OCT 98 FCT Approved 1995 LPD-17 2 Diver E&MD Flight Testing (FCT ) DT Production Approved SDTS / RAM 2 Diver 6 SSST Production (Conversion) IOC Operations & Support Gap filler pending GQM-163A
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GQM-163A Background Performance (Threat C) INVENTORY
Unguided Flight Test #1 Conducted 24 Jan 03 Unguided Flight Test #2 Conducted 4 Jun 03 Software Baselined 3 Nov 03 Contractor / Government Guided Flight Tests planned Jan – Apr 04 INVENTORY Performance (Threat C) Airspeed Mach Range nmi Altitude <15 ft Maneuvers >10 g Launch: Surface Current: 0 LRIP I: 10 LRIP targets available pending test results
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GQM-163A SSST Program Schedule
FY00 FY01 FY02 FY03 FY04 FY05 FY06 FY07 FY08 ORD MS III EMD CA 2 CVN-76 6 SDTS / RAM MS II (funded) E&MD Unguided Flights Flight Test Production LRIP I CA Salvo Launch Enhanced Maneuvers Resource Enhancement Program E&MD Configuration Targets 10 Option Option Award Option Option 32 45 30 28 Pt. Mugu WFF PMRF Operations & Support IOC IOC of activities (dates and order) tentative and will be driven by user requirements ATLS integration Booster study Dive capability study Air launch study P3I
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SSST Inventory Projection
Start of Year Inventory
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SSST Inventory Projection
Start of Year Inventory
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Production (Conversion)
AQM-37 Performance (Threat A) Airspeed Mach Range nmi Altitude Kft Endurance 4 M3.0 Air Launch (QF-4, TA-4, F-16) FY60-65 FY66-71 FY72-77 FY78-83 FY84-89 FY90-95 FY96-01 FY02-07 FY08-13 Requirement approved INVENTORY Funded (Begin Development) E&MD AQM-37: 231 Production Approved Production (Conversion) IOC Operations & Support Program Completion • Divestiture to be re-evaluated annually • Current Operations: 4 Flight profiles No software upgrades No contract with Raytheon Minimum safe team
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USN Production Conversion USN Operations & Support
QF-4 Performance (Threat A) Airspeed Mach 2.0 Altitude 50ft-54Kft Maneuvers 4.5g Sustained Endurance 1.5 Hours FY89-91 FY92-94 FY95-97 FY98-00 FY01-03 FY04-06 FY07-09 FY10-12 FY13-15 QF-4S Initiated & Funded INVENTORY QF-4: 16 E&MD Production Approved IOC USN Production Conversion USN Operations & Support USAF Production Conversion Program Completion USAF Operations & Support AST
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QF-4 Requirements Note: * Denotes payback of one QF-4 KA from USAF
1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 7 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Note: * Denotes payback of one QF-4 KA from USAF - 2 year lead time (procurement to delivery) - Kill Authorizations for AMRAAM (PH IV) in FY07 and beyond is function of increased Lethality - JSF requirements were updated since previous submissions. Requirements are split between AF and Navy - Negative inventory in FY07 assumes Kill Authorization requirements pushed to FY08
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Subsonic Targets
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BQM-34A Operations & Support
BQM-34S Performance Airspeed 600 KTAS Range 351 nmi Altitude 10ft-60Kft Endurance 131 min Surface and Air Launch (DC-130) FY58-64 FY65-71 FY72-78 FY79-85 FY86-92 FY93-99 FY00-06 FY07-12 FY13-19 Requirement approved BQM-34A Funded INVENTORY BQM-34S: 226 2 CVN-76 E&MD BQM-34A Production 12 LPD-17 IOC BQM-34A Operations & Support BQM-34S E&MD BQM-34S Production Program Completion BQM-34S Operations & Support
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BQM-74E Performance INVENTORY Airspeed Mach 0.82 Range 342 nmi
Altitude 7ft-40Kft Endurance 68 min Surface and Air Launch ( F-16, DC-130, G-1) FY64-68 FY69-73 FY74-78 FY79-83 FY84-88 FY89-93 FY94-98 FY99-03 FY04-08 MQM-74A requirement MQM-74A Operations & Support INVENTORY BQM74E: 172 2 CVN-76 BQM-74C Funded BQM-74C Operations & Support 2 SDTS / RAM BQM-74E Funded Production Approved E&MD BQM-74E Production IOC BQM-74E Operations & Support
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BQM-74E Improvements Subsonic, Radiating, Maneuvering Threat
Low Altitude Control Enhancement (LACE) Phase I in use 7 ft Low Altitude Cruise (LAC) 5 in-flight selectable maneuvers 2 Serpentine (flat) 3 Corkscrew Escape left or right LACE Phase II ECP Implemented April 03 Provides programmable weave maneuver capability (5G limit) Incorporate in future production deliveries Steerable Antenna System (STEERAN) Simulates active threat seeker Improvement developed to maintain RF pointed at ship during target maneuvers Feb 04 production delivery
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BQM-74F Performance INVENTORY Airspeed Mach 0.92 Range 500 nmi
Altitude 7ft-40Kft Endurance 115 min Surface Launch FY00-01 FY02-03 FY04-05 FY06-07 FY08-09 FY10-11 FY12-13 FY14-15 FY16-17 Requirement Approved INVENTORY BQM74F: 2 SDTS / RAM Funded E&MD Production Approval Production Operations & Support Program Completion
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BQM-74 Transformation M 0.92 74F M 0.86 M 0.81 74E M 0.76 74C
Streamlined Fuselage Increased Speed M 0.92 74F M 0.86 Swept Wing Increased Speed Endurance Upgraded Engine 3D Maneuver M 0.81 74E 2D Maneuver M 0.76 74C Straight & Level
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Subsonic Targets Enhancements
BQM-34S Incorporating the BQM-74 Autopilot (upgraded IAU) Integration, installation and flight test scheduled to be complete by April 2005 Will provide a maneuver capability BQM-74F Will provide greater IR signature Plan to conduct IR measurements on 1st article production units in FY07 OSD is funding IR signature augmentation work through the Target Management Initiative (TMI) program Both hardbody and plume signature enhancements
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Future Development
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SSST Threat D Feasibility Study funded via FY00/01 Targets Management Initiative Johns Hopkins University / Applied Physics Lab (JHU/APL) study lead Determine feasibility of solution from combination of existing available missile/target systems with only minor modification Two potential solutions identified from list of over 50 missile systems Hawk + Tomahawk SM + Tomahawk Initiated risk reduction efforts at JHU/APL to evaluate above configurations (FY03/04) FY03 complete adapter, engine and inlet modeling and analysis FY04 wind tunnel and design refinement
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Target Control Systems (Training Ranges)
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Navy Control System Problem
NAVY TARGETS NAVY CONTROL SYSTEMS NAVY SPONSORS NAVY ACQ MGT BQM-34 N764 N780 N912 N763 N789 OSD BQM-74 ITCS PMS-325 MQM-8 QF-4 PRTCS AQM-37 PMA-248 MA-31 Montage QST-33 PMA-208 4 Variants 4 Xponders QST-35 MAGIC2 MST PMS-400 HSMST UHF-AFC Target Ship AIR 5.0 BQM-74F GQM-163A T21 FLEET New Targets
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Navy Control System Transformation
NAVY TARGETS NAVY CONTROL SYSTEMS NAVY SPONSORS T&E Ranges Only BQM-34 N764 N780 N912 N763 N789 OSD BQM-74 ITCS MQM-8 QF-4 NAVY ACQ MGT PRTCS AQM-37 MA-31 SNTC Montage QST-33 PMA-208 QST-35 MAGIC2 MST HSMST UHF-AFC Target Ship GQM-163A Supersonic Targets BQM-74F T21
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Training Range Control System Objectives
Short Term Strategy Continue to support PMA-208 legacy control systems in the Fleet Vega PRTCS, ITCS, ITCS-KA, MAGICC Field System for Naval Target Control (SNTC) at the Training Ranges/Open Ocean Maintain common baseline configuration Long Term Strategy Phase out legacy Target Control Systems from the field (ITCS, ITCS-Keep Alive, PRTCS, Montage, MAGICC) Execute a Pre-Planned Product Improvement (P3I) program to upgrade SNTC to meet future User requirements Surface Targets BQM-74 LACE II Investigate Satellite Control For Target Operations Successful Iridium and Globalstar demos summer 03
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Threat Simulation
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Miniaturization Reduction of the Threat Seeker and Electronic Attack (EA) capacity requirements for compatibility with: BQM-74 MQM-107 (Internal) T-21 Retain/enhance affordability Retain the ability for hardware and software modifications and upgrades to maintain the ability to simulate the advancing threat capabilities Retain modular system approach Minimum hardware put at risk for live fire missions Enhanced flexibility (ease of upgrade as the threat grows) Lower procurement costs
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Threat System Miniaturization (Phase 1)
Initial Miniaturization (BQM-34S / Full Scale Aircraft Compatible) Size » 94 % Reduction Weight » 82 % Reduction Power » +28 VDC / 50A Performance » Validated “High Fidelity” simulation Status » In production Threat Simulator Threat System
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Threat System Miniaturization (Phase 2)
Size » 55% / 98% Reduction Weight » 73% / 95% Reduction Prime Power » 28% Reduction Performance » No degradation, will be validated Status » FY-01/04 development Cost » Projected equivalent or lower Miniaturized Threat Simulator (Model) Threat Simulator
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Transitioning Technology To Aerial Target Systems
Challenges: Cultural resistance to change. Loose Coupling vs. Tight Integration Stand-alone vs. Integrated Product? The Development Team Upgraded Inertial Avionics Unit (UIAU) More typical Integration Path Weapons Division China Lake, CA Point Mugu, CA Initial Integration Aircraft Division Patuxent River, MD Lakehurst, NJ Orlando, FL Fleet/Operator Feedback Surface Warfare Center Indian Head, MD Stand-alone Prototypes/ Demo (SBIR) “Low Risk, Quick Kill” Production INDUSTRY PARTNERS
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BQM-74 & 34 Aerial Target System Evolution
FIELDING CHALLENGES Cultural Issue of “Tight” Target Control Configuration Management Manning & Training Obsolescence Increment 4 FY07-08 CDA Increment 3 FY06-07 SAT C2 Common Digital Architecture Increment 2 FY04-05 AWN Satellite Command & Control Increment 1 FY04-05 UIAU Current Production Configuration Autonomous Waypoint Navigation/ Mission Planning (PFPS/JMPS) Upgraded Integrated Avionics Unit BQM-74/34 FY 02-03 Common “plug & play” payloads Common SE
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Advanced Technology for
Aerial Targets Flexible Communications Capability (Satellite Control) Autonomous Waypoint Navigation (Preprogrammed Flight) OTH Command and Control
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Advanced Technology Benefits
Aerial Targets Provides More Realistic Training Supports Open Ocean Exercises Supports Full Spectrum of On-Range Training and Tests Reduced Operational Losses and Increased Recovery Rate Reduced Cost of Future Upgrades Common Digital Architecture
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Autonomous Waypoint, Satellite Control
CAN Architecture Autonomous Waypoint, Satellite Control Plug and Play
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CAN Architecture Functional Block Diagram
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Summary SSST limited inventory issues continue
Supersonic Targets SSST limited inventory issues continue Divestiture of AQM-37 re-evaluated annually Develop Threat “D” Subsonic Targets BQM-34 upgraded IAU effort BQM-74E improvements to meet near term requirements (carryover to BQM-74F) BQM-74F development progressing Provides future subsonic target capabilities for T&E Other Power Dive IR Signature
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