1. The Philippines and China

2. US Rule of the Philippines – The Treaty of Paris gave the US control of the Philippines The Philippines were previously ruled by Spain, and had been rebelling against Spanish rule Filipinos rejected US control – The Philippine-American War Emilio Aguinaldo, who had fought against the Spanish for independence, led a revolt against the US Filipinos used guerilla tactics US troops herded Filipinos into poorly equipped camps where many died The war was costly on both sides – 20,000 Filipinos died – 4,000 Americans died, and the US spend $400 million – The Philippines remained under the control of the US until 1946

3. Primary Source A – Political Cartoon Guiding question: Why did the US annex the Philippines? Step 1: Highlight/underline and summarize the source Step 2: Identify and summarize the bias of the source Step 3: Contextualize the source – Is there anything in this source that explains better something that you already knew or had heard about? – Is there anything in this source that disagrees with something you already knew or had heard about? – What questions does this source raise that are connected with the guiding question?

4. Primary Source B – Beveridge Guiding question: Why did the US annex the Philippines? Step 1: Highlight/underline and summarize the source Step 2: Identify and summarize the bias of the source Step 3: Contextualize the source – Is there anything in this source that explains better something that you already knew or had heard about? – Is there anything in this source that disagrees with something you already knew or had heard about? – What questions does this source raise that are connected with the guiding question? Albert J. Beveridge, “The March of the Flag.” Campaign speech while running for US Senate in Indiana, September 16, 1898. The Opposition tells us that we ought not to govern a people without their consent. I answer, The rule… that all just government derives its authority from the consent of the governed, applies only to those who are capable of self­government We govern the Indians without their consent, we govern our territories without their consent, we govern our children without their consent… Would not the people of the Philippines prefer the just, humane, civilizing government of this Republic to the savage, bloody [Spanish] rule… from which we have rescued them? … [D]o we owe no duty to the world? Shall we turn these peoples back to the reeking hands from which we have taken them? Shall we abandon them, with Germany, England, Japan, hungering for them?... Wonderfully has God guided us…We can not retreat from any soil where Providence has unfurled our banner; it is ours to save…for liberty and civilization.

5. Primary Source C – McKinley Guiding question: Why did the US annex the Philippines? Step 1: Highlight/underline and summarize the source Step 2: Identify and summarize the bias of the source Step 3: Contextualize the source – Is there anything in this source that explains better something that you already knew or had heard about? – Is there anything in this source that disagrees with something you already knew or had heard about? – What questions does this source raise that are connected with the guiding question? William McKinley, speech to a group of clergymen, November 21, 1899. In James Rusling, “Interview with President William McKinley,” Christian Advocate, January 22, 1903. When next I realized that the Philippines had dropped into our laps I confess I did not know what to do with them....I walked the floor of the White House night after night until midnight; and I am not ashamed to tell you, gentlemen, that I went down on my knees and prayed Almighty God for light and guidance....And one night late it came to me this way.... (1)that we could not give them back to Spain--that would be cowardly and dishonorable; (2)that we could not turn them over to France or Germany--our commercial rivals in the Orient--that would be bad business and discreditable; (3)that we could not leave them to themselves--they were unfit for self-government--and they would soon have anarchy and misrule worse than Spain's war; (4)that there was nothing left for us to do but to take them all, and to educate the Filipinos, and uplift and civilize and Christianize them as our fellow men for whom Christ also died. And then I went to bed, and went to sleep and slept soundly.

6. SCR Write an SCR that answers the guiding question – Why did the US annex the Philippines? Must be a well organized paragraph – Topic Sentence – Three Main Ideas – Supporting Evidence – Conclusion Must reference at least two of the sources – You do not have to have properly formatted citations but you must somehow indicate what source each piece of information comes from

7. Peer Editing Check your partner’s SCR using the checklist provided Final draft is due Friday, 10/4

8. US-China Relations

9. US influence on China – In the 18 th and 19 th centuries, China had become so weak that many European powers established colonies along its coasts and carved out spheres of influence Sphere of influence: an area in which a nation claims special rights and economic privileges – The Open Door Policy The US convinced other imperial powers to share trading rights, preventing any single nation from getting a monopoly in China China’s government was not consulted – The Boxer Rebellion The increasing control of imperial powers over China made some Chinese angry One group that was formed to fight against this were known as the Boxers – Killed missionaries, foreigners, and Chinese converts to Christianity The US pledged to keep China open for trade – Feared the Europeans would take greater control of China

10. Political Posters Your group will create a political poster either protesting or supporting US involvement in China – Your poster must contain both images and text – Be prepared to discuss your poster with the class