1. საპენსიო რეფორმის საჭიროება საქართველოში
რეზო საყევარიშვილი
19 ოქტომბერი, 2010

2. prezentaciis struqtura
preistoria
sapensio modelebi
msoflio konteqsti
saqarTvelos konteqsti
reformis saWiroeba

3. preistoria axali diskusiis dasawyisi _ 90-iani wlebis Sua periodi
msoflio bankis publikacia Averting The Old Age Crisis (1994)
ZiriTadi gamowvevebi arsebuli sapensio sistemebisTvis:
adamianis sicocxlis xangrZlivobis gazrda
demografiuli problemebis (SromiTi resursebis dabereba) mateba
solidaruli sapensio sistemebis (Pay-As-You-Go) deficitis zrda

4. preistoria (gagrZeleba)
msoflio banki (World Bank)
Sromis msoflio organizacia (ILO)
socialuri usafrTxoebis saerTaSoriso asociacia (International Social Security Association)
konsensusis formula _ `universaluri recepti ar arsebobs, yvela qveyanam unda aarCios erovnul specifikasa da ekonomikis ganviTarebis doneze damyarebuli sakuTari modeli”

5. sapensio sistemis modelebi
solidarul principze
dagrovebiT principze
Sereuli

6. msoflio konteqsti wyaroebi:
Measuring the pressure on EU pensions systems (AON Consulting)
National Institute on Aging (USA)
Eurostat
Standard&Poor’s

7. msoflio konteqsti (gagrZeleba)
mosaxleobis daberebis da pensiaze adre gasvlis gamo sapensio sistemebis stabiluroba mcirdeba
ekonomikuri krizisis da SromiTi resursebis Semcirebis gamo, saxelmwifo pensiebi sul ufro naklebad Seesabameba cxovrebis dones
korporatiuli pensiebis odenoba izrdeba, magram arasakmarisi tempebiT

8. prognozebi
65 wlamde asakis mosaxleobis odenoba 2040 wlamde dRevandeli 7%-dan 14%-16% mde gaizrdeba
dasavleT evropaSi 17,8% dan 28,1% mde
yvelaze metad gaizrdeba 80 + asakovanTa ricxvi
dasavleT evropaSi 85 wels zemoT _ 4,9%dan 9,3%mde

9. prognozebi
Old age dependency ratio (65 wlis da ufrosi asakis Sefardeba wlamde asakis mosaxleobasTan) evrokavSiris 27 qveyanaSi dReavandeli saSualo 25%-dan 2040 wlisTvis 45%-mde, 2060 wlisTvis ki 53%-mde gaizrdeba
evrokavSiris 27 qveyanaSi sapensio xarjebi mSp-s 9,1%-s Seadgens. sapensio reformebis ganuxorcieleblobis SemTxvevaSi maTi wili 2040 wlisTvis 11,1%-mde gaizrdeba.

10. gamosavali saxelmwifo sapensio danaxarjebis optimizacia: magaliTebi:
sapensio asakis gazrda
“gamonaklisebis” gauqmeba
dagrovebiTi sapensio sqemebis stimulireba
magaliTebi:
safrangeTi
eqtoneTi

11. saqarTvelo – dRevandeli mdgomareoba
saqarTveloSi arsebuli sistema arc erT ZiriTad 3 models ar Seesabameba
kanoni saxelmwifo pensiebis Sesaxeb
kanoni arasaxelmwifo sapensio dazRvevisa da uzrunvelyofis Sesaxeb
swrafva evropisken – evropuli qartiis CarCo

12. saqarTvelo – dRevandeli mdgomareoba
sapensio asakis mosaxleoba – saerTo mosaxleobis 16,6%
sicocxlis xangrZlivoba – 76,72
pensias Rebulobs sapensio asakis mosaxleobis 90%
pensiis moculoba – 80 lari
sapensio danaxarji – 2010 wlis saxelmwifo biujetis 12,6%

13. saqarTvelo – dRevandeli mdgomareoba
asakovani mosaxleoba:
sapensio asakis mosaxleoba gaizarda 4 %-iT ww
85+ gaizarda 57%-iT
bavSvebi:
0-15 wlamde bavSvebis ricxovnoba Semcirda 20%-iT ww
bavSvTa sikvdilianoba 16,22 (saS.evropuli 5,6)
migracia: - 50,000 adamiani ww
dasaqmeba/umuSevroba:
4,3%-iT gazarda umuSevroba ww
13%-iT Semcirda formalur seqtorSi dasaqmebulTa ricxvi ww

14. gamowvevebi: sapensio garantireba ar aris institucionalizebuli
mosaxleoba berdeba
sabiujeto wnexi izrdeba
saxelmwifo biujeti ver izrdeba
sxva socialuri valdebulebebi izrdeba

15. sapensio repormis miznebi
ღირსეული სიბერე
სიღარიბის დაძლევა

16. problemis mogvarebis SesaZlo gzebi:
sapensio asakis momateba
gamonTavisuflebuli fulis mimarTva pensionerTa socialur saWiroebebisaken
sapensio valdebulebebis institucionalizacia:
kanonmdeblobaSi mkafio valdebulebebis asaxva
sapensio saxsrebis finansuri wyaros identificireba
asakiT pensiis integracia socialuri daxmarebis erTian sistemaSi
kerZo dagrovebiTi sqemebis ganviTarebis stimulireba

17. sadiskusio kiTxvebi
arsebuli realobidan gamomdinare, saWiroa Tu ara sapensio uzrunvelyofis sistemuri cvlileba?
siRaribis daZlevis miznobriobis gazrdisTvis SesaZlebelia Tu ara asakiT pensiis integracia socialuri daxmarebis erTian sistemaSi?
mosalodnelia Tu ara sapensio sistemis efeqtianobis zrda dagrovebiTi komponentis gaZlierebiT?