1. Tools
Hand Tools
Power Tools
Shop Equipment
Measurement

2. Tools Use of shop tools is a Privilege not a right
Student are responsible for all tools
Tools MUST be cleaned and returned in the same condition they were checked out

3. ALWAYS WEAR SAFETY GLASSES
Hand Tools
ALWAYS WEAR SAFETY GLASSES

4. Hand Tools Wrenches Several types Open end wrench Boxed end wrench
Combination wrench
Line wrench
Adjustable wrench (crescent or monkey)
Pipe wrench
Allen wrench
Ratcheting wrench
Ratchet and Sockets

5. Wrench Precautions Always use proper type, size, and length
NEVER hammer on a wrench
Use longer wrench
Use a Slug wrench
Always check the condition of the wrench before use

6. Wrench Measurement Conventional vs. Metric
Unit of measurement:
Fractions of an inch
Examples:
1/16”, 1/8, ¼,” ½”, 1”, 1½”,
Metric
Unit of Measurement:
Millimeters
Examples:
7mm,10mm, 21mm, 32mm

7. Most Common Wrench All available in Conventional or Metric Open End
all sides have an opening
Boxed End
All sides a closed
Combination
Has both an open and a boxed end

8. Line Wrenches Used specifically for Line Nuts:
Any tubes on a vehicle that carry fluid or gas are referred to as lines
Fuel lines, brakes line, Transmission lines, Coolant lines

9. Allen Wrenches Uses: Allen Bolts Allen Bolts= Hexagon Shaped Hole
Sizes: Both Conventional & Standard
Types:
90 degree
Folding Set
T-Handle

10. Adjustable vs. Pipe Wrench
Adjustable/ Crescent Wrench (Monkey)
Used by Auto Techs.
Should only be used when proper size is unavailable
Uses adjustment nut to widen or narrow mouth
Pipe Wrench
Used by plumbers
Should only be used on pipes
Uses adjustment nut to widen or narrow mouth

11. Sockets And Handles
Socket= attachments used in conjunction with various types of handles to adapt to size variations and space limitations.
Handle types
Ratchet
Speed Handle
Breaker Bar
Torque Wrench
T handles
Nut Driver

12. Sockets Sockets Points
Points refer to # of sides
# of sides allows for ease of rotation in limited space and for specialty heads with various # of sides
Common # of points 4 6 8 12
Made to fit various types and Drive sizes of handles
Most common handle sizes
¼” drive
3/8” drive
½” drive
¾” drive
1” drive

13. Handles Ratchets Speed Handles
Have ratcheting mechanism inside head to increase speed and ease of removal and installation of nuts and bolts
Also have a switch to change direction
Speed Handles
Shaped like old cartoon drills
Has a free spinning knob that allows for speedy rotation
Require 2 hands
1 hand hold end
1 hand turns crank

14. Handles Breaker Bar Torque Wrench Handle without ratchet mech.
Used to free extremely tight nuts and bolts that would cause the ratchet mech. to break
Torque Wrench
Handle w/ or w/out ratchet mech.
Used to tighten nuts and bolt to a specific amount of pressure measured in
Foot pound
Inch pound
Kilograms of Force
Newton meters
Not used for removal

17. Handles T-Handle Nut Driver Similar to screwdriver
Driver handle w/ sockets of various sizes attached to other end

18. Adapters Extensions Universal Joints
Attachment used to add space between handle and socket
Allow access to recessed bolt hole
Universal Joints
Used to access hard to reach angles
Has joint that allows extension to pivot up to 90o

19. Screwdrivers Purpose: only to drive screws- not a pry bar or chisel
Types-
Standard
Philips
Pozidriv
Clutch
Scrulox (square)
Torx
Impact driver
Scratch Awl- not a screw driver
Used for marking

20. Screwdrivers Standard Phillips Blade type tip Several sizes
Insure proper fit
Phillips
X type tip
Several sizes
Insure proper fit

21. Screwdrivers Pozidriv Torx Similar to Phillips Tip is not angled
Tip has wedged for tighter fit
Only 4 size #1,2,3,4
Torx
Star shaped tip
Several size
T-8 through T-60 are most common

22. Screwdriver
Clutch
Scrulox (square)

23. Screwdrivers Impact Driver Other
The only screw driver you will ever be allowed to strike with a hammer
Used to remove extremely tight screws
Has several attachment in each of the other type of drivers
Other
Starting Screwdriver
Used to hold screws
Offset
Used to get into angled locations
Stubby
Used in tight areas

24. Screwdriver
Safety

25. Pliers Type Slip Joint Channel Locks Needle Nose
Diagonal Cutting Pliers (Dykes)
Vise Grips
Snap Ring
Electrical

26. Pliers Slip Joint Channel Locks Most common type
Adjust to 2 different size
Channel Locks
Capable of opening very wide
Adjust to several different sizes
Gives most leverage

27. Pliers Diagonal Cutters Needle nose Commonly referred to as dykes
Used as a cutting tool for wire
Also used as a pier to grab items that might slip out of a typical pliers
Needle nose
Long slender tip for tight space
Also help to grip small piece

28. Pliers Electrical Pliers Snap Ring Pliers
Usually a combo of wire cutters, strippers, and crimpers
Should be insulated to prevent shock
Snap Ring Pliers
Used for removing and installing snap rings

29. Pliers Vise Grips Locking pliers Variety of types and sizes
All are adjustable to grab on tight to the item

30. Hammers Types Ball Peen Sledge Brass Plastic/rawhide Rubber Mallet
Dead Blow
Lead
Copper
Claw
Specialty Hammers

31. Hammers Ball-peen Claw 2 sided hammer
Round anvil used for body type work
Flat anvil used for general purpose hammering
Several sizes and weights
Claw
Not an automotive hammer
Should not be used
Flat anvil side used for hammering
Claw side used to remove nails

32. Hammers Sledge Hammer Soft Metal Hammers Large and heavy
Used to free frozen parts
Will cause severe damage to delicate parts
Several sizes and weights
Soft Metal Hammers
Brass, copper, lead
Used to avoid scarring or damage to surface
Head deforms and takes damage instead of part

33. hammers Plastic/rawhide Rubber Mallet Usually double sided
1 side = plastic
1 side = rawhide
Light and soft
Used on delicate part to avoid breakage
Rubber Mallet
Solid rubber head
Bounces off solid material
Used on sheet metal, plastic, and moldings or wheel covers

34. Hammers Dead Blow Specialty Hammers Plastic coated
Filled with lead shot: tiny metal balls
Weight of lead shot prevents rebound
Coating protects against damage to parts
Specialty Hammers
Wide variety of hammer used for metal working, body work, and welding applications

35. Hammer Safety Always use correct size and type of hammer
Always check condition of head and handle
Check for mushrooming of head
Insure handle is secured to head
Always be careful and keep eyes of work to avoid injury

36. Chisels & Punches Punches- several purpose
Types
Center punch
Start punch/Drift
Pin punch
Aligning punch
Chisels- used to remove damaged or badly rusted nuts & bolts
Types
Rivet buster
Diamond point
Round nose cape
Cape
flat

37. Punches Center Punch Aligning punch
Used to mark center of hole before drilling
Characteristics
Sharp point
Aligning punch
Inserted into predrilled holes
Used to line up pin holes
Characteristics
Long, thin, and little taper

38. Punches Starter Punch/ Drift Pin Punch
Used to partially drive out pins, shafts, and metal rods from holes
Characteristics
Thick and heavily tapered
Pin Punch
Finishing Punch
Used to drive pins, & shafts out after drift has been used

39. Punches & Chisels General Rules & Safety tips
Use largest size possible
Keep both ends ground & sharp
Chisel- cutting edge should be sharp & square
Center punch- should have sharp point
Start & drift- should be flat & square
Check for mushrooming of head
Dangerous & should be ground off
Grinding should be slow to prevent overheating
Chisel turns blue= overheating: result in softness

40. Files Used to remove burrs, nicks, and sharp edges to smooth material
Types
Coarse: for soft material
Fine: for smoother finished surface & harder materials

41. File Safety Never use without handle
Only apply pressure on forward stroke
Hold with 2 hands
1 on handle & 1 on tip
Hold firm
Apply light, even pressure
File slowly= 1 stroke per second
Clean file with wire brush
Never hammer on use as a pry bar
Files are brittle and break easily sending small part flying like shrapnel

42. Holding Devices Used to hold work to prevent movement Types
Vise- used to hold parts during cutting, drilling, hammering and pressing
Precautions
Don’t over tighten
Keep parts clean & oiled
Cover jaw when clamping smooth, machined material and parts
Clamps- hold work to surface such as tables & benches

44. Miscellaneous Hand Tools
Saws
Flash lights
Drop light
Pry bars
Tap & dies
Scraper
Fuse puller
Inspection mirror
Battery post cleaner
Battery terminal pliers
Magnetic pickup
Claw type pickup
Wire brush