2. I. The Discoveries and Achievements of the Scientific Revolution
II. The Search for Scientific Knowledge
III. The Causes of the Scientific Revolution
IV. The Intellectual Effects of the Scientific Revolution
V. Humans and the Natural World

3. I. The Discoveries and Achievements of the Scientific Revolution
A. Astronomy: A New Model of the Universe
Aristotle ( B.C.E.)
earth-centered
Claudius Ptolemy ( C.E.)
Nicolaus Copernicus ( )
The Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres, 1543
heliocentric
Tycho Brahe ( )
Johannes Kepler ( )
New Astronomy
Galileo Galilei
1609, telescope
The Starry Messenger, 1610
Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems, 1632

4. I. The Discoveries and Achievements of the Scientific Revolution
B. Physics: The Laws of Motion and Gravitation
Robert Hooke ( )
Christian Huygens ( )
Sir Isaac Newton ( )
Cambridge, Professor of Mathematics
Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy, 1687
Synthesis of Galileo, Kepler, Hooke, Huygens
C. Chemistry: Discovering the Elements of Nature
Paracelsus ( )
rejects idea of humors
Robert Boyle ( )
D. Biology: The Circulation of the Blood
William Harvey ( )
circulation

5. II. The Search for Scientific Knowledge
A. Observation and Experimentation
Francis Bacon ( )
New Organon, 1620
B. Deductive Reasoning
René Descartes ( )
Discourse on the Method, 1637
C. Mathematics and Nature
Pythagoras ( B.C.E.)
Plato (c B.C.E.)
D. The Mechanical Philosophy
Neoplatonists
Plotinus ( C.E.)
William Gilbert ( )

6. III. The Causes of the Scientific Revolution
A. Developments within Science
Late Medieval Science
empirical
Renaissance Science
Natural philosophers
Copernicus
read Aristarchus of Samos
Democritus (fl. c. 480 B.C.E.)
Archimedes ( B.C.E.)
Paradigms
Ptolomaic system
epicycles
eccentric orbits

7. III. The Causes of the Scientific Revolution
B. Developments Outside Science
Protestantism
Patronage
Galileo
Chief Mathematician at University of Pisa
Cosimo II
Academies
Academy of Experiment, Florence, 1657
Royal Society, England
Printing Press
Military and Economic Change
Voyages of Exploration

8. IV. The Intellectual Effects of the Scientific Revolution
A. Education
B. Skepticism and Independent Reasoning
Baruch Spinoza ( )
A Treatise on Religion and Political Philosophy,
C. Science and Religion
Heliocentric theory v. established ideas
Deists
John Locke
The Reasonableness of Christianity, 1695
Blaise Pascal ( )
Reflections, 1670
D. Magic, Demons and Witchcraft
Natural v. Demonic magic
Balthasar Bekker
The Enchanted World,

9. V. Humans and the Natural World
A. The Place of Human Beings
Giordano Bruno ( )
The Infinite Universe, 1584
Johannes Kepler
Sominium, or Lunar Astronomy, 1634
Francis Godwin
The Man in the Moon, 1638
Cyrano de Bergerac
The Other World, 1657
Bernard de Fontenelle
Treatises on the Plurality of Worlds, 1686
B. The Control of Nature
C. Women, Men and Nature
Princess Elisabeth of Bohemia
correspondence with Descartes
Margaret Cavendish ( )