1. American Foreign Policy: Past and Present Angela Brown

2. Foreign Policy from Independence Through World War I The first 150 years were characterized by the policy of isolationism. The first 150 years were characterized by the policy of isolationism. Both Washington and Jefferson warned against foreign involvement. Both Washington and Jefferson warned against foreign involvement. http://www.bartleby.com/124/washington.gif http://academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu/history/virtual/portrait/jefferson.jpg

3. War of 1812 In June 1812, President Madison sent a message urging Congress to declare war against the British. In June 1812, President Madison sent a message urging Congress to declare war against the British. Burning of the White House Burning of the White House The Star Spangle Banner. Fort McHenry, Baltimore The Star Spangle Banner. Fort McHenry, Baltimore The British had encouraged the Indians to attack American settlers The British had encouraged the Indians to attack American settlers They had interfered with US shipping. They had interfered with US shipping. They had impressed our sailors. They had impressed our sailors.

4. The Monroe Doctrine 1823 President James Monroe stated that the United States expected Europe to stay out of North and South American. 1823 President James Monroe stated that the United States expected Europe to stay out of North and South American. http://img.timeinc.net/time/magazine/archive/covers/1962/1101620921_400.jpg

5. http://www.authentichistory.com/images/1900s/cartoons/1914_monroe_doctrine.html http://www.instoneinc.com /gallery/Monroe_Doctrine-O.jpg

6. Continental Expansion Manifest Destiny – the mission to expand its boundaries across the continent to the Pacific Ocean. Manifest Destiny – the mission to expand its boundaries across the continent to the Pacific Ocean. The nation expanded, through war and through purchase, to include all of the present-day United States. The nation expanded, through war and through purchase, to include all of the present-day United States. http://www.lclark.edu/~ria/JohnGast.jpeg

7. Expansion 1803 Jefferson negotiated the Louisiana Purchase. 1803 Jefferson negotiated the Louisiana Purchase. 1819 purchased Florida from Spain. 1819 purchased Florida from Spain. 1845 annexed Texas 1845 annexed Texas 1846 obtained Oregon by treaty with Great Britain. 1846 obtained Oregon by treaty with Great Britain. www.thepedia.com/define/louisiana_purchase http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oregon

8. More… 1846-1848 Mexico ceded the Southwestern quarter of the U.S. after the Mexican War. 1846-1848 Mexico ceded the Southwestern quarter of the U.S. after the Mexican War. 1853 Gadsden Purchase provides the best rail route to the Pacific. (Arizona and New Mexico) 1853 Gadsden Purchase provides the best rail route to the Pacific. (Arizona and New Mexico) http://museum.utep.edu/archive/history/gadsden.gif

9. Still More… 1867 “Seward’s Folly” purchased Alaska from Russia. 1867 “Seward’s Folly” purchased Alaska from Russia. 1898 gained the Philippines, Guam, and Puerto Rico after the Spanish American War. 1898 gained the Philippines, Guam, and Puerto Rico after the Spanish American War. http://www.tlfq.ulaval.ca/axl/amnord/images/alaska-map-langues.gif http://ucatlas.ucsc.edu/asiacountries/philipines.html

10. The United States, a World Power By 1900 the United States had become a colonial power as a result of the Spanish- American War. By 1900 the United States had become a colonial power as a result of the Spanish- American War. Cuba became independent under U.S. protection. Cuba became independent under U.S. protection. 1898 annexed Hawaii. 1898 annexed Hawaii. http://www.posolstvo-cuba.ru/cuba/cuba-map-relief-big.jpg

11. The Good Neighbor Policy After several decades of tense relations between the United States and Latin America, FDR tried to improve relations with that region. After several decades of tense relations between the United States and Latin America, FDR tried to improve relations with that region. Monroe Doctrine is still a vital part of U.S. foreign policy. Monroe Doctrine is still a vital part of U.S. foreign policy. http://www.wwnorton.com/nrl/english/nawol/maps/MAP42LAT.JPG

12. Panama Canal 1903 Panama revolted and became independent from Columbia with the U.S. blessing. 1903 Panama revolted and became independent from Columbia with the U.S. blessing. 1917 the U.S. purchased the Virgin Islands from Denmark to help guard the canal. 1917 the U.S. purchased the Virgin Islands from Denmark to help guard the canal. http://www.7blueseas.com/destinations/images/map_panamacanal.jpg

13. http://www.tlfq.ulaval.ca/axl/amsudant/images/panama-canal.jpg Panama Canal Today

14. The Open Door in China The Open Door Policy of 1899 promoted equal trade access to China for all nations. The Open Door Policy of 1899 promoted equal trade access to China for all nations. http://www.index-china.com/index-english/images/CHINA%20map.gif

15. Communist China Ties between the U.S. and China were cut when communists took control of China in 1949. (Mao) It was not until 1979 that diplomatic ties were reestablished. (Nixon) Ties between the U.S. and China were cut when communists took control of China in 1949. (Mao) It was not until 1979 that diplomatic ties were reestablished. (Nixon) http://www.paulnoll.com/Korea/War/Mao-quotes.jpg http://www.cnn.com/SPECIALS/1999/china.50/asian.superpower/view.from.taipei/link.nixon.jpg

16. World War I World War I German submarine attacks on American shipping led to American involvement in World War I, but Isolationism was strong after the war. German submarine attacks on American shipping led to American involvement in World War I, but Isolationism was strong after the war. Defeated the Central Powers Defeated the Central Powers League of Nations League of Nations http://readytogoebooks.com/Ger-sub.jpg

17. World War II The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor (1941) forced America into World War II and ended this country’s isolationist tendencies. The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor (1941) forced America into World War II and ended this country’s isolationist tendencies. Defeated Axis Powers Defeated Axis Powers “arsenal of democracy” “arsenal of democracy” http://teachpol.tcnj.edu/amer_pol_hist/fi/0000016c.jpg http://www.history.navy.mil/photos/ images/h50000/h50931.jpg

18. Foreign Policy from 1945 to Today Peace through Collective Security – The United Nations was established to forge a world in which future wars would be prevented. Peace through Collective Security – The United Nations was established to forge a world in which future wars would be prevented. Still depend on Collective Security with the UN and NATO. Still depend on Collective Security with the UN and NATO. http://www.nemnemsoha.hu/nemnemsoha/upload/1116.jpg

19. Deterrence Deterrence, or peace through strength, was a central tenet of American foreign policy after World War II. Deterrence, or peace through strength, was a central tenet of American foreign policy after World War II. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/0/0a/Destroyer.arp.500pix.jpg

20. The Truman Doctrine and Containment The policy of containment, expressed in the Truman Doctrine, was that the nation would check further Soviet expansion and wait for it to collapse. The policy of containment, expressed in the Truman Doctrine, was that the nation would check further Soviet expansion and wait for it to collapse. http://www.bibl.u-szeged.hu/bibl/ mil/ww2/who/pics/truman.jpg http://www.historycentral.com/Europe/TrumanDoctrine.jpg

21. The Berlin Blockade In 1948 the Soviet Union tried to overtake West Berlin, but the United States mounted an airlift that saved the city. (Berlin Airlift) In 1948 the Soviet Union tried to overtake West Berlin, but the United States mounted an airlift that saved the city. (Berlin Airlift) http://www.psywarrior.com/BerlinAirlift4.jpg http://history.sandiego.edu/cdr2/USPics/58537.jpg

22. The Korean War In 1950 communist North Korean forces invaded South Korea. UN forces entered on the side of South Korea, and eventually the invasion was turned back. In 1950 communist North Korean forces invaded South Korea. UN forces entered on the side of South Korea, and eventually the invasion was turned back. http://home.hiwaay.net/~magro/koreamapbg.jpg http://news.bbc.co.uk/nol/shared/spl/hi/asia_ pac/03/the_korean_war/img/main/1.jpg

23. The Cuban Missile Crisis In 1962 war was narrowly averted when the United States demanded that Soviet missiles in Cuba be withdrawn. In 1962 war was narrowly averted when the United States demanded that Soviet missiles in Cuba be withdrawn. http://www.historyplace.com/speeches/speechgfx/jfk-cuban.jpg http://www.cnn.com/WORLD/9710/28/missile.crisis/castro.lg.jpg

24. http://observe.arc.nasa.gov/nasa/exhibits/history/graphics/history_missile.gif http://www.cia.gov/csi/studies/vol46no1/CubaMap1b_w.jpg http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/nsa/cuba_mis_cri/41.jpg

25. The War in Vietnam Between 1954 and 1968 the United States became increasingly involved in the war in Vietnam; American involvement ended in 1973 after taking over 58,000 American lives. Between 1954 and 1968 the United States became increasingly involved in the war in Vietnam; American involvement ended in 1973 after taking over 58,000 American lives. http://mooreslore.corante.com/archives/images/vietnam%20war.jpg http://www.remember.gov/history/images/vietnam/vietnam_march.jpg

26. http://edition.cnn.com/US/9805/14/tomb.unknowns/vietnam.anloc.jpg http://www.remember.gov/history/images/vietnam/vietnam_medic.jpg

27. Détente and the Return to Containment American withdrawal from Vietnam marked the beginning of a new American policy of détente – a relaxation of cold war tensions. American withdrawal from Vietnam marked the beginning of a new American policy of détente – a relaxation of cold war tensions. http://www.arrakeen.ch/usacan/256%20%20Vietnam%20war%20memorial.jpg http://img.timeinc.net/time/magazine/archive/covers/1969/1101691024_400.jpg8

28. Détente with the Soviet Union ended in 1979, when the Soviets invaded afghanistan. Détente with the Soviet Union ended in 1979, when the Soviets invaded afghanistan. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a9/Nixon-Brezhnev.jpg/ 180px-Nixon-Brezhnev.jpg http://encyclopedia.laborlawtalk.com/wiki/images/thumb/9/9f/250px-Ac.nixonmao.jpg http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_invasion_of_Afghanistan Mao Zedong Brezhnev

29. The End of the Cold War Mikhail Gorbachev worked to forge disarmament agreements and made radical changes in his country’s foreign policy. Mikhail Gorbachev worked to forge disarmament agreements and made radical changes in his country’s foreign policy. The end of the cold war was the realization of the goal of containment. The end of the cold war was the realization of the goal of containment. http://keirsey.com/personality/Gorbachev.GIF http://www.govisland.com/Images/historic_maps/gorbachev,%20reagan%20and%20bush.gif