1. Project Management in the GMS Learning Program 19-30 Apr 2010, Mekong Institute, Khon Kaen, Thailand © 2010, Dr. Kenneth F. Smith, PMP 1 Introduction to the SOLUTION / OBJECTIVE TREE

2. Project Management in the GMS Learning Program 19-30 Apr 2010, Mekong Institute, Khon Kaen, Thailand © 2010, Dr. Kenneth F. Smith, PMP 2 Solution / Objective Tree We identify problems with a graphic “tree” to improve visualization by the project designers, and to stimulate discussion on feasible solutions The process initially involves converting all the problem statements at each level into positive statements / conditions:

3. Project Management in the GMS Learning Program 19-30 Apr 2010, Mekong Institute, Khon Kaen, Thailand © 2010, Dr. Kenneth F. Smith, PMP 3 Low economic growth Industries lack access to power Insufficient power stations Lack of private sector investment PROBLEM TREE SUFFICIENT power stations Industries HAVE access to power ADEQUATE Private sector investment HIGH economic growth

4. Project Management in the GMS Learning Program 19-30 Apr 2010, Mekong Institute, Khon Kaen, Thailand © 2010, Dr. Kenneth F. Smith, PMP 4 HIGH economic growth Industries HAVE access to power SUFFICIENT power stations ADEQUATE Private sector investment SOLUTION/OBJECTIVE TREE

5. Project Management in the GMS Learning Program 19-30 Apr 2010, Mekong Institute, Khon Kaen, Thailand © 2010, Dr. Kenneth F. Smith, PMP 5 OBJECTIVE / Solution Tree Project Scope Development Outcome IMPACT Outputs Activities

6. Project Management in the GMS Learning Program 19-30 Apr 2010, Mekong Institute, Khon Kaen, Thailand © 2010, Dr. Kenneth F. Smith, PMP 6 Nepal –urban and environmental improvement – RRP 322239 Poor health Lack of sufficient safe drinking water Lack of adequate sanitation infrastructure Government [national and local] have insufficient revenues to build and sustain services Rapid uncontrolled urbanization Lack of adequate urban services Rural area cannot support population Pollution of surface water Poor sanitary practices Uncontrolled discharge of industrial + wastes Flooding of polluted areasPollution of urban land Institutions have failed to plan and manage urban infrastructure Health hazards Lack of adequate water infrastructure

7. Project Management in the GMS Learning Program 19-30 Apr 2010, Mekong Institute, Khon Kaen, Thailand © 2010, Dr. Kenneth F. Smith, PMP 7 SOLUTION / OBJECTIVE TREE Good health Sufficient safe drinking water Adequate sanitation infrastructure Government [national and local] have sufficient revenues to build and sustain services? Controlled urbanization Adequate urban services Rural area can support population? No pollution of surface water Good sanitary practices Controlled discharge of industrial + wastes Flood mitigationNo pollution of urban land Performing Institutions to plan and manage services No health hazards Adequate water infrastructure

8. Project Management in the GMS Learning Program 19-30 Apr 2010, Mekong Institute, Khon Kaen, Thailand © 2010, Dr. Kenneth F. Smith, PMP 8 Solution / Objective Tree AFTER converting all the problem statements at each level to ‘positive conditions,’ then check: Do the Solution statements at each level make sense? [Are they technically, socially, culturally, environmentally, politically & financially possible?] Is anything overlooked in the problem analysis that must be addressed as part of the solution? [jobs- private sector, opposition by vested interests?] What do other stakeholders think; how might they react? [acceptability?] What possible Indicators and Targets could you agree on for measuring success? [Is Credible, Objective and Data readily Available for Monitoring Performance, Results and attribution?]

9. Project Management in the GMS Learning Program 19-30 Apr 2010, Mekong Institute, Khon Kaen, Thailand © 2010, Dr. Kenneth F. Smith, PMP 9 Nepal –urban and environmental improvement – RRP 322239 Poor health Lack of sufficient safe drinking water Lack of adequate sanitation infrastructure Government [national and local] have insufficient revenues to build and sustain services Rapid uncontrolled urbanization Lack of adequate urban services Rural area cannot support population Pollution of surface water Poor sanitary practices Uncontrolled discharge of industrial + wastes Flooding of polluted areasPollution of urban land Institutions have failed to plan and manage urban infrastructure Health hazards Lack of adequate water infrastructure Water available X hours per day, 50% of the time, Contaminated

10. Project Management in the GMS Learning Program 19-30 Apr 2010, Mekong Institute, Khon Kaen, Thailand © 2010, Dr. Kenneth F. Smith, PMP 10 SOLUTION / OBJECTIVE TREE Good health Sufficient safe drinking water Adequate sanitation infrastructure Government [national and local] have sufficient revenues to build and sustain services? Controlled urbanization Adequate urban services Rural area can support population? No pollution of surface water Good sanitary practices Controlled discharge of industrial + wastes Flood mitigationNo pollution of urban land Performing Institutions to plan and manage services No health hazards Adequate water infrastructure Does this Make Sense? Water meets WHO standards, from communal pump, 10 hours per day, 365 days

11. Project Management in the GMS Learning Program 19-30 Apr 2010, Mekong Institute, Khon Kaen, Thailand © 2010, Dr. Kenneth F. Smith, PMP 11 TEAM Activity Refer BACK to your Problem Tree Now develop a Solution Tree  Consider the Scope of a Potential Project to address the problem  Select Outputs & Activities that you think are Feasible to include in that Project  Identify and Set-aside Outputs & Activities that you will not undertake What Remains will be your Objective Tree

12. Project Management in the GMS Learning Program 19-30 Apr 2010, Mekong Institute, Khon Kaen, Thailand © 2010, Dr. Kenneth F. Smith, PMP 12