1. INTEGRATED TRANSPORT CHAINS Transparencies 2003 EU-funded Urban Transport Research Project Results www.eu-portal.net TRANSPORT TEACHING MATERIAL

2. INTEGRATED TRANSPORT CHAINS DEFINITION Scales: Socio-economic environment Mobility policy Transport and Land-use Planning Interchange surrounding area Interface infrastructure. Points of wiew: Policy and Institutional issues Management and operational issues Planning, design and implementation

3. INTEGRATED TRANSPORT CHAINS OBJECTIVES AND SKILLS Overview of intermodality Factors related to “Integration” Actual tendencies in Interchange

4. INTEGRATED TRANSPORT CHAINS 2 Land Use Policy 3 Economic Policy 4 Sociocultural Policy 5 Environmental & Energy Policy Public Transport Car Transport Walking & Cycling Transport networks 1 Mobility Policy and Transport systems : problem pointed out: Transport Chains

5. INTEGRATED TRANSPORT CHAINS CHALLENGES Sociological challenges Political challenges Legal and Regulatory challenges Technical challenges

6. INTEGRATED TRANSPORT CHAINS OVERVIEW Integrated Transport Chains Transport System Elements Transport Interchange: vital role in public transport system Location of an Interchange in the Transport and Land-use System Design of the Interchange Economic Organization, Management and Operation of Transport Interchange Information and Mobility Management

7. INTEGRATED TRANSPORT CHAINS Transport System Elements: Policy and Institutional issues. Public transport network. Management and Operational issues. Related Elements: Economic and Institutional environment. Physical environment. Local habits and customs.

8. INTEGRATED TRANSPORT CHAINS TRANSPORT SYSTEM ELEMENTS AND ISSUES

9. INTEGRATED TRANSPORT CHAINS DISFUNCTIONS IN TRANSPORT SYSTEM High energy consumption. Traffic congestion. High level of pollution. More time spent on travel. Dissatisfied users.

10. INTEGRATED TRANSPORT CHAINS ENCOURAGING USERS TO TRAVEL ON COLLECTIVE TRANSPORT because it needs less: energy/passenger and Km space and so decrease: pollution emissions congestion time spent on travel dissatisfaction the way to achieve it: actions on all of the transport system elements actions on the related elements

11. INTEGRATED TRANSPORT CHAINS TRANSPORT INTERCHANGE: VITAL ROLE IN TRANSPORT SYSTEM Transport system gate

12. INTEGRATED TRANSPORT CHAINS TRANSPORT INTERCHANGE: VITAL ROLE IN TRANSPORT SYSTEM Point to change for passengers from one mode or service to another Meeting point for different transport modes and operators

13. INTEGRATED TRANSPORT CHAINS TRANSPORT INTERCHANGE: AN ELEMENT IN THE TRANSPORT SYSTEM PLANNING, DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION MANAGEMENT AND OPERATIONAL ISSIUES POLICY AND INSTITUTIONAL ISSUES

14. INTEGRATED TRANSPORT CHAINS LOCATION OF AN INTERMODAL INTERCHANGE IN THE TRANSPORT AND TERRITORIAL SYSTEM Identify long-term consequences: Land Use policies and development patterns Rising properties values Promoting intermodal travel Effects: Territorial Urban

15. INTEGRATED TRANSPORT CHAINS TERRITORIAL EFFECTS Make public transport competitive vs private transport: Urban sprawl vs compact city Competition with better roads

16. INTEGRATED TRANSPORT CHAINS URBAN EFFECTS Generation of new demand and activities in and around it. revitalisation an existing urban area to support a new development Objectives: accessibility configuration and scale interaction with the community served visibility security

17. INTEGRATED TRANSPORT CHAINS DEVELOPING INTEGRATED TRANSPORT NETWORKS Optimise the use of different transport means to compete in comfort, speed and flexibility with private car, considering the travel as a whole, trying to reduce any perception of breaking its trip for the passenger.

18. INTEGRATED TRANSPORT CHAINS DEVELOPING INTEGRATED TRANSPORT NETWORKS Objectives: Try to get the longer trips with the most efficient, best capacity, and fastest mean Optimise accessibility of travel generating centres. Information: Demand assessment Social behaviour of users and non-users

19. INTEGRATED TRANSPORT CHAINS DESIGNING THE INTERCHANGE: ASPECTS TO CONSIDER Architecture: transparency, visibility and brightness against large and dark corridors, poorly- lit, small and enclosed waiting areas. Technical requirements

20. INTEGRATED TRANSPORT CHAINS DESIGNING THE INTERCHANGE: ASPECTS TO CONSIDER Software and Technologies: providing real time information systems for passengers and vehicle control systems.

21. INTEGRATED TRANSPORT CHAINS DESIGNING THE INTERCHANGE: ASPECTS TO CONSIDER Users groups and needs: elderly, disabled, commuters, planners, service operators.

22. INTEGRATED TRANSPORT CHAINS DESIGNING THE INTERCHANGE: ASPECTS TO CONSIDER Information systems

23. INTEGRATED TRANSPORT CHAINS DESIGNING THE INTERCHANGE: ASPECTS TO CONSIDER Accessibility: avoiding barriers.

24. INTEGRATED TRANSPORT CHAINS DESIGNING THE INTERCHANGE: URBAN DESIGN Entrance to the Transport System Image of the city

25. INTEGRATED TRANSPORT CHAINS DESIGNING THE INTERCHANGE: URBAN DESIGN Feeding Functionality Without clear limits

26. INTEGRATED TRANSPORT CHAINS DESIGNING THE INTERCHANGE: INTERCHANGE INFRASTRUCTURE Clear axes of visibility between entrances, exits, platforms, etc.

27. INTEGRATED TRANSPORT CHAINS DESIGNING THE INTERCHANGE: INTERCHANGE INFRASTRUCTURE Use natural light, by incorporating transparent and glass surfaces as much as possible.

28. INTEGRATED TRANSPORT CHAINS DESIGNING THE INTERCHANGE: INTERCHANGE INFRASTRUCTURE Platforms and access passages should be wide enough for passengers to feel safe.

29. INTEGRATED TRANSPORT CHAINS DESIGNING THE INTERCHANGE: INTERCHANGE INFRASTRUCTURE Short walking distances Escalators and lifts should be provided

30. INTEGRATED TRANSPORT CHAINS DESIGNING THE INTERCHANGE: INTERCHANGE INFRASTRUCTURE Disabled and elderly passengers should enjoy an easy and convenient access.

31. INTEGRATED TRANSPORT CHAINS DESIGNING THE INTERCHANGE: INTERCHANGE INFRASTRUCTURE Separated pedestrian flows Avoiding dangerous situations, and traffic conflicts

32. INTEGRATED TRANSPORT CHAINS DESIGNING THE INTERCHANGE: INTERCHANGE INFRASTRUCTURE Ticketing machines should be located at entrances and concourses

33. INTEGRATED TRANSPORT CHAINS DESIGNING THE INTERCHANGE: INTERCHANGE INFRASTRUCTURE Timetables covering all transport modes should be well located and designed to be easy to consult Passengers service areas and elements should be built in and clearly identified

34. INTEGRATED TRANSPORT CHAINS DESIGNING THE INTERCHANGE: INTERCHANGE INFRASTRUCTURE Information points with trained staff are very useful for certain passengers

35. INTEGRATED TRANSPORT CHAINS DESIGNING THE INTERCHANGE: INTERCHANGE INFRASTRUCTURE Parking facilities with areas well protected

36. INTEGRATED TRANSPORT CHAINS DESIGNING THE INTERCHANGE: INTERCHANGE INFRASTRUCTURE Park & Ride, Kiss & Ride areas and facilities for disabled people

37. INTEGRATED TRANSPORT CHAINS ECONOMIC ORGANIZATION, MANAGEMENT AND OPERATION Economic Organization, Management and Operation are aspects linked with: the design the political, economic and physical environment Economic Organization, Management and Operation must be orientated to: Achieve the best working of the interchange Co-ordinating the operators, services and modes Managing revenues Encouraging passengers to use the public transport system

38. INTEGRATED TRANSPORT CHAINS ECONOMIC ORGANIZATION Definition of responsibilities and hierarchy: Organization of staff at the interchange Co-ordination of operators and services Definition of financial structure: The way it is financed (public/private funding) Income and revenue management Options for increasing revenue

39. INTEGRATED TRANSPORT CHAINS MANAGEMENT AND OPERATION: OBJECTIVES Reduce waiting times Guarantee intermodality Improve transport system

40. INTEGRATED TRANSPORT CHAINS MANAGEMENT AND OPERATION: ELEMENTS Establishment of a clear network flow of information amongst different modes and services. Definition of a timetable schedules and frequencies in order to ensure minimum transfer and waiting times.

41. INTEGRATED TRANSPORT CHAINS MANAGEMENT AND OPERATION: ELEMENTS Give up-to-date, helpful and, above all, reliable information. Early and detailed advice on alternative services. Visible availability of staff, to give help and advice. Efficient handling of reimburse- ment. Information. Control the observance of established timetable.

42. INTEGRATED TRANSPORT CHAINS MANAGEMENT AND OPERATION: ELEMENTS Pricing and fares policy: purchase tickets prior to travel, integrated information, reservation facilities and new technologies (telephone, internet, etc). multi-modal tickets: electronic tickets.

43. INTEGRATED TRANSPORT CHAINS MANAGEMENT AND OPERATION: ELEMENTS Security and surveillance Inside the interchange In the parking lot (car, cycles) In the surrounding areas

44. INTEGRATED TRANSPORT CHAINS MANAGEMENT AND OPERATION: ELEMENTS Maintenance and cleanliness

45. INTEGRATED TRANSPORT CHAINS MANAGEMENT AND OPERATION: ELEMENTS Existence of previous planning that cares for possible incidences and social and economic development. Complementary services for operators: Parking for their vehicles Auxiliary system of exploitation Areas where drivers can eat, sleep or wait comfortably

46. INTEGRATED TRANSPORT CHAINS MANAGEMENT AND OPERATION: ELEMENTS Complementary services for users: Information Shopping, catering and other services Toilets, telephone, luggage handling, etc.

47. INTEGRATED TRANSPORT CHAINS INFORMATION AND MOBILITY MANAGEMENT Information Telematics in public transport Travel and traffic information service Mobility management

48. INTEGRATED TRANSPORT CHAINS INTERMODAL EUROPEAN TRIP

49. INTEGRATED TRANSPORT CHAINS CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS A large number of problems about transport can be avoided encouraging the passengers to travel by collective transport modes and the way to get it is: making the public transport system more efficient. promoting and marketing the public transport system benefits. Intermodality is the element that allows to increase the number of combinations and possible journeys. The interchange is the place where the passengers change the transport mode. The transport interchange success is based on a good location and design as much as on adequate management, efficient information supply and persuading people to change their habits.These closely linked aspects must be considered from the beginning.