1. The War of 1812
America’s Second War for Independence

2. Causes of the War of 1812
James Madison became the 4Th American President in 1809.
The Democratic-Republican took office in a time of great turmoil in Europe.
Would this mild mannered intellectual have the heart to make the toughest of choices?
James Madison was the fourth President who led the party of the ordinary people. He was also called "the Father of the Constitution.“
He was not the physical specimen that Washington was, he was mild, balding, and bordering on timid.
The choices he made during his presidency would change the views that many held of him.

3. Causes of the War of 1812
By 1805 Britain was trying to prevent American ships from transporting goods to their enemies.
British interference with American shipping was one of the causes that would lead to the War of 1812.
The British went so far as to form a partial blockade that limited where U.S. ships sailed.
This picture depicts a famous incident in which the British ship “LEOPARD” attacked an American Naval vessel the “CHESAPEAKE”
3 American were killed and American citizens were enraged.

4. Causes of the War of 1812
Between 1803 and 1812 the British Navy impressed 6,000 American sailors, forcing them to serve aboard British ships.
Impressment was one of the causes of the War of 1812.
Impressment - seizing by force; kidnapping.
The British navy was losing many sailors who abandoned their ships in foreign ports. Since Britain was constantly warring with France and other countries, life in the Navy was rough for a simple deckhand.
These deckhands often could make a better and safer living aboard foreign merchant ships. It was these AWOL sailors that Britain was looking for, but at this time the accents between British and Americans was still so similar that they had trouble distinguishing who was who and often impressed whoever or however many they needed.

5. Causes of the War of 1812
As Americans began to move westward, they upset Native Americans
Prior to Tecumseh the Native Americans had acted as individual tribes.
Under his lead many tribes united and began to resist Americans who were moving into the Ohio and Indiana territories.
Ordinary people couldn't get good farmland because it was already owned.
A solution to the land problem involved taking the land from the Native Americans.
While Tecumseh was away recruiting other tribes to his cause his warriors were defeated by American forces at the BATTLE OF TIPPECANOE.
Tecumseh and his warriors fled to Canada were they were welcomed and supported by the British. The British and the Native Americans would become allies.

6. Causes of the War of 1812
The British began supporting Native American tribes in their resistance against American expansion.
British support of Native American resistance was one of the causes of the War of 1812.
The British were known to pay native Americans for the scalps they collected of their enemies.
This political cartoon shows a British officer paying for the scalp of a dead American soldier, while another American corpse is being scalped as well.
Actions like this helped increase the anger in Americans towards Britain. MANY SAID IT WAS TIME FOR WAR!

7. Causes of the War of 1812
Many in Madison’s Democratic-Republican party were against going to war.
However, elections that occurred shortly before Congress met in 1811 saw many new members elected to Congress
Many of these new members were known as “War Hawks”
War Hawks-Westerners who supported the War of 1812.
War Hawks were often men who had lost friends and loved ones in battles against British supported Indian tribes.
And like most other Americans they were extremely upset over the interference of the British Navy and the impressment of American sailors.
These War Hawks helped turn the tide in Congress to support going to war.

8. W A R O F 1 8 2

9. Causes of the War of 1812 Introducing the new James Madison!
1812 political cartoon depicting Madison giving King George of England a black eye and a bloody nose.

10. Using a T-Chart Compare and contrast the causes of the War of 1812 and the causes of the American Revolution
French and Indian War
French an Indian war was in , it was the conflict between France and Britain in North America. (British, Colonist, and some Native American tribes allied together and fought against the French and other Native American tribes)
Proclamation of 1763
The British degree prohibiting colonial
settlement west of the Appalachians.
Stamp Act
The British decree taxing all legal papers
issued in the colonies.
Quartering Act
British soldiers housing ordered to be paid for or provided by colonists.
Townshend Acts
British taxes on glass, paint, oil, lead, paper, and tea. Also suspended the New York Assembly.
Boston Massacre
British troops fired on American civilians.
Tea Act
Taxed tea in the colonies and gave Britain total control of tea trade.
Boston Tea Party
Sons of liberty boarded ships in Boston harbor and dumped tea into the ocean.
Intolerable Acts
Laws enacted by British parliament which restricted the rights of Massachusetts colonists and sought repayment for losses incurred during the Boston Tea Party.