1. The development of a full understanding of the diversity of livestock systems and indentifying priority areas for improving the quantification and mitigation of non-C0 2 GHG emissions

2. Project Title:The development of a full understanding of the diversity of livestock systems and indentifying priority areas for improving the quantification and mitigation of non-C02 GHG Emissions Funding Agency :New Zealand Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Research Centre (NZAGRC) on behalf of Global Research Alliance (GRA) on Agricultural Greenhouse Gases Participating Countries :1.Indonesia 2.Malaysia 3.Thailand 4.Vietnam Assisted by NZAGRC Project Details

3. Background: Alliance GRA on Agricultural Greenhouse Gases launched in December 2009 Malaysia signed the Alliance Charter in 24 June 2011 Current members: 33 countries including Malaysia Member countries Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Indonesia, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Peru, the Philippines, Republic of Korea, Russia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, UK, USA, Uruguay and Vietnam Heads of Delegations at the Alliance Ministerial Summit in Rome, Italy

4. Background: Reason for the Alliance Agriculture contributes 14% of world’s GHG Expected to increase by 30-40% by 2050 with ↑ demand for food Many countries have research to better understand, measure, and manage agricultural GHG GRA - link these research efforts to achieve faster solutions to ↑ agricultural productivity ↓ its contribution to climate change Alliance consists of three research groups: Livestock Croplands Paddy Rice

5. Background: Activities of the Alliance Improve knowledge sharing, create networking's Develop the science and technology needed to improve the measurement and estimation of GHG using consistent methodological approaches Facilitate the exchange of information & help scientists gain expertise in mitigation knowledge and technologies, through developing new partnerships and exchange opportunities Sponsored training in New Zealand on methane measurement

6. Present Project Background Several Livestock Research Group meetings were held with experts from member countries A project to quantify livestock GHG in SEA was proposed New Zealand agreed to fund this project and 4 countries in SEA were invited to participate Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand & Vietnam initiated the project with technical assistance from NZAGRC This project would be the foundation for a bigger project with international funding ( eg. FONTAGRO project - Argentina, Chile, Colombia, R. Dominicana, Uruguay & New Zealand )

7. Current Project Objectives 1.Describe the key livestock production systems and the main associated livestock emissions in the SE Asia region 2.Analyse the data set to identify common and country-specific priority areas for improvement of emissions estimates 3.Identify common priority actions and agree on the final recommendations for future work to enhance regional capacity, improve inventories and mitigation of GHG emissions from livestock systems in south-east Asia 4.Final project report submitted to the New Zealand Ministry for Primary Industries and NZAGRC (end 2013)

8. Project Benefits 1.NRE obligated to prepare National Communication to be submitted to UNFCCC (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change) 2.Malaysia - submitted two NC’s (1994 & 2011) working on NC3 3.Current livestock GHG estimation based on IPCC (Intergovermental Panel on Climate Change) Tier 1 default factors 4.Present - 3% from livestock - expected to increase with anticipated ↑ in SSL

9. Project Advantages 1.IPCC Tier 1 - based on livestock population alone with a common factor for the whole of Asia 2.Many countries have migrated to Tier 2 and some Tier 3 3.Tier 2 - requires additional data on population breakdown, production systems, feed energy, waste characteristics etc 4.Tier 3 is country specific developed models 5.All methodology/data has to be verified by IPCC/UNFCCC 6.This project can help Malaysia & other SEA countries establish Tier 2 methodologies 7.This project help identify future regional research initiatives

10. Proposal of the Presentation 1.MOA (DVS & MARDI) responsible to provide accurate livestock GHG data to NRE for National Communications (2 yr) 2.Seek collaboration in the current project to gather data on livestock 3.Establish collaborative links for future research on GHG inventories and mitigation Preliminary estimation of average Emission Factor (kg CH 4 /hd/yr)for beef cattle for Indonesia and Malaysia based on Tier 2 method compared to the current default IPCC factor (Tier 1)

11. Research Activities in Other Countries TOTAL COLLECTION METHANE COLLECTION Indonesia Thailand

12. Thank You