1. Chapter 11 Section 4
The Holocaust

2. Review
D-Day
The Battle of the Bulge
Manhattan Project
V-E and V-J day

3. So……….
How did the Holocaust develop and what were the results

4. Vocabulary People and Terms Definitions Holocaust Anti-Semitism
Nuremburg laws
Kristallnacht

5. Vocabulary cont. People and Terms Definitions Genocide
Concentration camp
Death camp
War Refugee Board

6. Roots of the Holocaust Holocaust Racist Nazi ideology
The Nazi attempt to kill all Jews under their control
Racist Nazi ideology
Aryans
White gentiles superior to other people
Mass murders
Jews and other “undesirables”

7. Hitler Preaches Hate Anti-Semitism
an attitude or policy of hatred and hostility toward Jewish people
Reasons Hitler and others blamed Jews
Communism
Inflation
Economic troubles
Political troubles
Social troubles

8. Nazis Begin the Persecution
1933 Hitler becomes Chancellor
Economic persecution
Boycott Jewish-owned businesses, barred Jews from civil service jobs, banking, law, journalism, medicine, etc.
1935 Legal persecution
Nuremburg Laws
Denied German citizenship to Jews
Banned marriage between Jews ands non-Jews
Segregated Jews at every level of society

9. Violence Erupts on Kristallnacht
Krisallnacht
“Night of the Broken Glass”
November 9, 1938
Jewish refugee kills a German diplomat in Paris
Nazi officials ordered attacks on Jews in Germany, Austria and the Sudetenland
Destruction
1,500 Synagogues and 7,500 Jewish owned businesses
200 Jews killed, 600 others injured, and thousands arrested

10. Jewish Refugees Face Obstacles
Between 1933 and 1937
129,000 Jews fled Germany and other Nazi controlled Austria
Other countries
U.S. was dealing with the Great Depression
Barred Jews from entering
1939 Cuba
Ocean liner St. Louis departed Germany for Cuba with 900 Jewish refugees
Only 22 received permission to stay

11. Nazis Adopt the “Final Solution”
Since 1933
Nazis had denied Jewish people citizenship and committed acts of brutality
“Final Solution to the Jewish question”
Systematic extermination of all Jews living in the regions controlled by the Third Reich
Genocide
Willful annihilation of racial, political, or cultural group

12. Nazis Build Concentration Camps
1933 first concentration camp opens
Members of specially designated groups were confined
Concentration camps in theory
Designed to turn people into “useful members” of the Third Reich
Imprisoned labor leaders, scientists, communists, and anyone who spoke out against Hitler
Concentration camps in actuality
Tortured and killed prisoners

13. Millions Are Murdered in Death Camps
When Germany invaded Poland and Soviet Union
Took control of areas highly populated with Jewish people
January 1942
Leaders decide to carry out “Final Solution” plan
Outlined a plan to exterminate about 11,000,000 Jews
Death camps
Places where prisoners were systematically exterminated
By 1945 about 6 million European Jews are killed as well as 5 million other non- Jewish prisoners

14. The Allies and the Holocaust
Could the Holocaust been prevented?
Could nations such as Britain, France and the United States have intervened at some point and stopped the slaughter of millions of innocent people?

15. Early Response Was Weak
Factors leading to barring of Jewish immigrants
Anti-Semitism
Apathy
The Great Depression
Underestimated Hitler’s genocidal plans

16. American Government Takes Action
April 1943
British and American officials host Bermuda conference
Discuss possibility of rescuing the surviving Jewish refugees from Europe
1944
War Refugee Board
Worked with the Red Cross to save thousands of Eastern European Jews

17. Allied Soldiers Liberate the Camps
What Allied soldiers saw
Piles of dead bodies, warehouses full of human hair, ashes of crematoriums, half-dead survivors
1948
Independent Jewish homeland
State of Israel created as a new nation
President Truman instantly recognizes the new Jewish state