1. The Knee Differential Diagnosis and Treatment

2. Capsular More loss of flex than ext

3. OA of the knee

4. Signs and Symptoms Pain Stiffness –reduced ROM, morning Swelling Muscle wasting Varus deformity /osteophytes/ crepitus Locking and giving way Altered Gait & Function

5. Treatment Grade B mobs Strengthening ex and rehab Electrotherapy acupuncture Injection – steroid or hyaluronic acid Advice

6. RA Heat, swelling and synovial thickening Positive bloods Medication Injection at 4/12 intervals maximum Rehab ex’s

7. Traumatic arthritis Cause – trauma If rapid swelling post trauma then aspirate Treatment as ligament

8. Non - capsular

9. Loose Body Twinges of pain Locking in flex or ext Springy end feel Ref to surgeon

10. Meniscus Rotation injury Lock in flex Gives way Squat +ve Meniscal test +ve Treatment – ref to surgeon May try DTF’s to coronary ligs

11. Ligaments

12. MCL Impact Pain – joint line +ve valgus test and LR Capsular pattern in acute stage ACUTE – AIM Accelerate healing process DTF’s – ext & flex Ice Electrotherapy Strapping Gentle ROM ex’s

13. MCL cont CHRONIC – AIM Lig healed but tethered therefore rupture adhesions and encourage mobility and healing of lig. Sup – DTF’s to numb +10 in ext and manip Deep – DTF’s to numb +10 in flex and manip

14. LCL Varus impact Varus test +ve Palp in 4 position DTF’s to numb + 10

15. ACL and PCL Draw test +ve Ref to surgeon Rehab strength, ROM and propn pre op

16. Medial coronary Overuse Meniscus Pain on passive LR or palp DTF’s

17. Muscle lesions Q + H muscle belly ACUTE Ice, electrotherapy, STM, inner range active exercise and strapping CHRONIC DTF’s, electrotherapy, inner range active exercise, stretching, PNF and rehab +++

18. Quads Expansion Medially – treat with DTF’s with patella pushed medially Superiorly – treat with DTF’s with patella tilted proximally

19. Patella Tendon Jumpers knee Biomechanics ? Eccentric ex Strapping Acupuncture DTF’s with patella tilted distally ???injection

20. ITB friction syndrome Runners knee Bursitis Biomechanics/ technique STM to ITB or roller Stretches Ice ?inject