1. 1 METM10: Facilitating knowledge transfer 28-30 October 2010 Tarragona, Spain 1 Paola De Castro, Daniela Marsili, Federica Napolitani, Elisabetta Poltronieri, Anna Maria Rossi, Sandra Salinetti Publishing Unit, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy Overcoming cultural barriers through editorial training

2. METM10: Facilitating knowledge transfer 28-30 October 2010 Tarragona, Spain 22 effective communication in science Contents BACKGROUND PURPOSE SOLUTION AND PRACTICES HOW editorial training can help ISS editorial training activity ISS translation programme NECOBELAC project in Europe and Latin America enhancing the sharing of knowledge overcoming cultural barriers

3. METM10: Facilitating knowledge transfer 28-30 October 2010 Tarragona, Spain 33 it is crucial in scientific and biomedical publications Background (1) PREREQUISITE for editorial and translation process: where an unclear message could lead to serious consequences Understanding that EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION of knowledge is important in every field BUT Editors and translators KEY ROLE

4. METM10: Facilitating knowledge transfer 28-30 October 2010 Tarragona, Spain 44 Background (2) They all should collaborate effectively to remove any obstacle to open, informative, and accurate knowledge communication AUTHORS In publishing a scientific paper EDITORIAL PROCESS plays a key role in ensuring quality and clarity of contents. share many responsibilities EDITORS PEER-REVIEWERS TRANSLATORS

5. METM10: Facilitating knowledge transfer 28-30 October 2010 Tarragona, Spain 55 Purpose EDITORIAL TRAINING enhance the sharing of knowledge as a means to empower authors, editors and translators overcome cultural barriers MET compliant

6. METM10: Facilitating knowledge transfer 28-30 October 2010 Tarragona, Spain 66 the ISTITUTO SUPERIORE DI SANITÀ is: ISS role in this scenario a SPECIAL OBSERVER of the relationships among authors, editors and publishers in the production of scientific literature it is editor of institutional series its researchers also produce scientific articles in international literature a RESEARCH INSTITUTE for public health AS Since 1934 PUBLISHING UNIT Today, ISS 2,000 total staff 900 research staff 2,000 publications per year 20% in institutional series

7. METM10: Facilitating knowledge transfer 28-30 October 2010 Tarragona, Spain 77 ISS Publishing Unit Publications It carries on different activities: Quarterly science journal in English Monthly newsletter in Italian Technical reports (60 per year) Historical scientific series Leaflets, posters, videos production diffusion Promotion of Open access Digital repository: DSpace ISS

8. METM10: Facilitating knowledge transfer 28-30 October 2010 Tarragona, Spain 88 ISS Publishing Unit experience To support effective communication and overcome cultural barriers the ISS Publishing Unit activity is focused on: NECOBELAC project Translations Training courses of documents in the editorial field on editorial issues and scientific writing in Europe and Latin America

9. METM10: Facilitating knowledge transfer 28-30 October 2010 Tarragona, Spain 99 concept of INTEGRITY IN THE PUBLICATION PROCESS ISS training activity: prerequisite Arjan Polderman. Editorial. European Science Editing 2008;34(3):62. reliability of scientific data correctness completeness accessibility retrievability durability It can be applied also to translations. from the Latin word integer (intact, pure, complete)

10. METM10: Facilitating knowledge transfer 28-30 October 2010 Tarragona, Spain 10 actors of the editorial chain, publication channels and types, manuscript production, impact evaluation, ethics and copyright issues, editorial guidelines and standards, open access model ISS training activity internal researchers, health operators of the National Health Service and PhD students Training courses on editorial issues and scientific writing provide essential knowledge, skills and techniques for the production of editorially correct scientific documents TOPICS AIM TARGET since 2000

11. METM10: Facilitating knowledge transfer 28-30 October 2010 Tarragona, Spain 11 better quality of manuscripts submitted to scientific journals Results from training activity Results obtained from ISS editorial training activity: awareness of the importance of scientific writing increase of articles published in high impact journals development of new skills

12. METM10: Facilitating knowledge transfer 28-30 October 2010 Tarragona, Spain 12 Researchers and health operators as authors and editors Italian translation of international editorial guidelines and recommendations to be also used in training activities provide easy tools in native language to apply best practices in editorial production and help to achieve the highest possible standards of correctness, completeness and integrity in their works ISS translation programme AIM TARGET since 2006

13. METM10: Facilitating knowledge transfer 28-30 October 2010 Tarragona, Spain 13 2006 Guidelines for the production of scientific and technical reports by the GLISC Translations by ISS They are freely available online 2009 Uniform requirements for manuscripts submitted to biomedical journals by the ICMJE (1st ed. 1978) 2010 Guidelines for authors and translators of scientific articles to be published in English by the EASE Up today the following documents have been translated: 2009 COPE flowcharts by the COPE

14. METM10: Facilitating knowledge transfer 28-30 October 2010 Tarragona, Spain 14 4 project languages: English, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish NECOBELAC project It is a European 3-year project working in the field of PUBLIC HEALTH. It acts through training activities in scientific writing and open access by organizing courses for trainers in European and LAC institutions improve scientific writing promote open access publication models foster technical and scientific cooperation between Europe & LAC countries www.necobelac.eu Network of Collaboration Between Europe & Latin American-Caribbean countries It aims to:

15. METM10: Facilitating knowledge transfer 28-30 October 2010 Tarragona, Spain 15 NECOBELAC partners Centro Latino Americano e do Caribe de Informação em Ciencias da Saude Sao Paulo, Brazil The University of Nottingham Nottingham, UK Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain Universidad Nacional de Colombia Instituto de Salud Pública Bogotá, Colombia Universidade do Minho Braga, Portugal Istituto Superiore di Sanità Rome, Italy Project coordinator

16. METM10: Facilitating knowledge transfer 28-30 October 2010 Tarragona, Spain 16 BI-DIRECTIONAL APPROACH sharing experiences and initiatives between Europe and LAC countries NECOBELAC key points All partners contribute to NECOBELAC training programme providing contents and participating in training activities as trainers Innovative training strategy It offers mutual benefits EU-LAC and supports cultural change in production, access and dissemination of research output

17. METM10: Facilitating knowledge transfer 28-30 October 2010 Tarragona, Spain 17 NECOBELAC training strategy To best meet the Project aims training strategy is based on: training courses for trainers T2 COURSES local training courses in Europe and LAC countries T1 COURSES

18. METM10: Facilitating knowledge transfer 28-30 October 2010 Tarragona, Spain 18 NECOBELAC training pecularity ATTENDANTS of the T1 COURSE shall replicate training at local level (T2 COURSE) TOPIC MAPS will help them to build up their programmes They will be supported by NECOBELAC partners to build up ad hoc local training programmes

19. METM10: Facilitating knowledge transfer 28-30 October 2010 Tarragona, Spain 19 NECOBELAC topic maps Topic maps are based on sematic web technology. They associate topics and link them to selected online resources. Scientific publication Open access AREAS They have a triple SUBJECT-PREDICATE-OBJECT structure.

20. METM10: Facilitating knowledge transfer 28-30 October 2010 Tarragona, Spain 20 NECOBELAC topic maps Scientific publication

21. METM10: Facilitating knowledge transfer 28-30 October 2010 Tarragona, Spain 21 NECOBELAC topic maps Open access

22. METM10: Facilitating knowledge transfer 28-30 October 2010 Tarragona, Spain 22 Publication and diffusion paper, online, conferences, web, etc. NECOBELAC courses To be considered as a WHOLE to take the most appropriate decisions Scientific information existence, originality, appropriateness, selection, flexibility, etc. Manuscript preparation authorship, scientific editing, formats and standards POSSIBLE CONTENTS Channel Selection of the most appropriate channel, copyright considerations, impact, online availability, etc. Evaluation peer review, inclusion in databases, use, impact, new metrics, etc.

23. METM10: Facilitating knowledge transfer 28-30 October 2010 Tarragona, Spain 23 TRAINING MODULES scientific writing Scientific journals Introduction to scientific publication Scientific articles Peer review and quality indicators

24. METM10: Facilitating knowledge transfer 28-30 October 2010 Tarragona, Spain 24 OA Journals Introduction to Open Access OA Repositories OA Policies TRAINING MODULES open access

25. METM10: Facilitating knowledge transfer 28-30 October 2010 Tarragona, Spain 25 NECOBELAC training flexibility Each course has to be: Its content has to be:independent from presentation accessible through different contexts modular extensible flexible portable able to be re-purposed

26. METM10: Facilitating knowledge transfer 28-30 October 2010 Tarragona, Spain 26 NECOBELAC courses schedule NECOBELAC T1 8 courses in Europe and in LAC 2011 Average attendance per course 40 people 40 replication activities 5 T2 replication (over 40 attendants) over 200 people Total 320 T1 attendants NECOBELAC T2 2010 Brazil (April) Italy (October) Colombia (November) Spain (February) Argentina (May) Portugal (June) Mexico (August) UK (October) After Sao Paolo After Rome… Possible involvement of over 10,000 people !

27. METM10: Facilitating knowledge transfer 28-30 October 2010 Tarragona, Spain 27 NECOBELAC community + Public health institutions, editors, librarians researchers, Europe-Latin America = Partner NECOBELAC Participants in T1 and T2 It stimulates collaborations, proposals and exchange of experiences. It stems from the continuing interaction among NECOBELAC training course participants. Nowadays, more than 100 EU and LAC institutions

28. METM10: Facilitating knowledge transfer 28-30 October 2010 Tarragona, Spain 28 Conclusions (1) create awareness on the responsibility they share in information transfer TRAINING authors, translators and editors is fundamental to be FLEXIBLE consider international guidelines, standards, best practices and local needs spread editorial standards produce quality documents contribute to scientific progress TRAINING must:

29. METM10: Facilitating knowledge transfer 28-30 October 2010 Tarragona, Spain 29 Conclusions (2) The role of NATIVE LANGUAGES should never be disregarded even if ENGLISH is now the lingua franca for scientific communication… Training across national borders helps understanding local needs and overcome cultural barriers translations help to apply international standards professional translators are needed to help producing publishable documents

30. METM10: Facilitating knowledge transfer 28-30 October 2010 Tarragona, Spain 30 thanks Maurits Cornelis Escher, Day and Night 1938 woodcut in black and grey, printed from 2 blocks