1. AUTOMOTIVE BRAKING SYSTEMS

2. Friction develops heat which absorbs kinetic energy of the car
How it Works
Friction develops heat which absorbs kinetic energy of the car

3. PURPOSE OF BRAKING SYSTEM
Stop the vehicle by converting the kinetic energy of the vehicle to heat energy.
Heat energy is created in the brakes by friction.
Friction is created between a moving and a non-moving surface at each wheel to generate the heat.
Disc and drum brakes are the most common type of braking systems used.

4. Factors Effecting Braking*
Number of wheels braking.
Weight of vehicle.
Type of friction material.
Surface area of friction material.
Size or discs or drums
Tire traction.
Road surface.
Load transfer.
Incline or decline of road. (gravity)
Engine braking.
Pressure applied

5. Types of Braking Systems
Service brakes. It’s the primary braking system using a the pedal connected to a hydraulic system causing it to operate.
Parking brakes. It’s mechanically applied by a lever or pedal.

6. BASIC PARTS Pedal assembly Hydraulic system Power booster
Disc brake assembly
Drum brake assembly
Parking brake
BASIC PARTS

7. DISC BRAKES
Disc brakes use a rotating disc with two stationary friction pads that are pressed against to rotor by the caliper to create friction and heat.
Disc brakes are more effective at dissipating heat.

8. Disc Brake Rotor
Rotor Pads Caliper Piston Brake Line Bleeder screw Through Bolts

9. Rotors

10. Performance Rotors

11. Caliper Boot Piston Seal Caliper Housing Bleed Screw O-Ring Bushing
Bolts

12. Caliper*

13. Disc Brake Pads
Asbestos
Metallic
Semi-Metallic
Organic

14. Wheel Assembly

15. Disc Brake Assembly

16. Drum Brakes

17. Drum Brakes

18. Drum Brake Action Adjust by driving in reverse and braking

19. DRUM BRAKES Anchor Pin Wheel Cylinder .Backing Plate
Parking Brake Lever
Piston
Upper Return Spring
.Secondary Brake Shoe
Primary Brake Shoe
Adjuster
.Lower Return Spring

20. Two Types of Drum Brakes

21. Two Types of Drum Brakes

22. HYDRAULIC SYSTEM Brake pedal assembly Power booster Master cylinder
Proportioning valve
Metering valve
Warning light valve
Lines
Calipers
Wheel cylinders

23. Brake Light
Hydraulic system fails
Parking brake is on

24. Master Cylinder
The master cylinder displaces brake fluid under pressure to brake system.
When brake pedal is depressed, push rod moves the primary piston forward in the cylinder.
Hydraulic pressure created and the force of the primary piston spring moves the secondary piston forward.
forward movement of the pistons causes primary cups to cover bypass holes, hydraulic pressure builds up and is transmitted to the wheel cylinders.

25. MASTER CYLINDER
pedal retracts, the pistons allow fluid from the reservoir to fill the chamber
Special sensors within the master cylinder used to monitor level of fluid in reservoir, and alerts driver if pressure imbalance develops.
standard dual master cylinder gives front and rear brakes separate hydraulic systems.

26. Master Cylinder
If a brake fluid leak occurs in one system, the other system will still operate, making it possible to. . .
STOP THE CAR

27. Master Cylinder Reservoirs Master Cylinder Vacuum Line To Front Brakes
To Rear Brakes
Power
Booster
Brake Pedal

28. Reservoirs

29. Reservoir Problems

30. Gain power from vacuum in intake manifold
Power Brake Booster
Gain power from vacuum in intake manifold

31. Booster Operation

32. Brake Lines
Brake lines are steel tubing with copper and lead coatings to prevent rust and corrosion. As the brake pedal is depressed, it moves pistons within the master cylinder and forcing hydraulic brake fluid

33. Brake Lines
Throughout the brake system and into the wheel (or brake) cylinders.
The pressure placed upon this fluid causes the cylinder pistons to
move, forcing the brake shoes or friction pads and brake drums or
rotors to slow the vehicle.

34. Brake Parts

35. Hydraulic Valves

36. Hydraulic Action in the Caliper
Squeeze Rotor
Push out on Drum

37. Basics of Hydraulics

38. Hydraulic Action in the Wheel Cylinder

39. Braking Videos

40. PARKING BRAKE Parking brake pedal or lever Cables Adjuster
Drum brake linkage
Disc brake lever

41. BRAKE INSPECTION Remove all four wheels of the vehicle.
On drum brakes remove the drums and wash brake dust with proper cleaner.
Check brake pads and brakes shoes for wear.
Check drums and rotors for wear and damage.

42. Brake Fluid Litmus test Color Non compressible Resists boiling
High &low temperature stability
Non-corrosive to rubber parts
Hydroscopic
Absorbs water

43. Brake Fluid
DOT 3
DOT4
DOT5
Silicone

44. Brake Service Visual Inspection Measure Resurface Repair Recondition
Bleed
Test

45. Problems

46. ABS
Modulator
VSS/
Vehicle speed sensors
Electronic Brake Control Unit

47. ABS Wheel locks up-reduces power to that wheel
Pulsates brakes if sliding
Pulsates brakes on hard braking
Stops vehicle under control
NOT faster