1. 2oth Century China
Today

2. The Creation of the Chinese Republic
Kuomintang: Nationalist movement formed China into a republic.
When Ci Xi (Hsu – Tsi) (Empress Dowager) died (1908), a three-yr old boy (Pu-Yi) inherited the throne.
Peasants, students, warlords, and politicians toppled dynasty. Yixian took power. (1911)
Yuan Shikai – Runs Republic until 1916.
Corrupt Republic 1916 – 1926.
* 1919 May Fourth Movement
The Emperor was imprisoned within the Forbidden City.
Sun Yixian (Yat-sen): spokesperson for Kuomintang.

3. The Forbidden City

4. The Creation of the Chinese Republic con’t
Jiang Jieshi (Chiang Kai-shek): After Sun Yixian died, Jieshi took over in 1925.
He crushed warlords and slaughtered communist party members.
Civil war broke out and lasted the for the next 22 years.

5. The Chinese Civil War: 1926-1949
Mao Zedong- One of the survivors of Jieshi’s attacks, led the communist forces.
**The Long March
100,000 communist troops fled Jieshi’s “extermination campaigns” for 6,000 miles only 20,000 survived.
Relations During WWII:
The Nationalists and Communists joined together to fight the Japanese outside Beijing on July 7, 1937.
FOLLOWING THE WAR:
- Mao’s forces gain popularity &
take Beijing in 1949.

6. The People’s Republic of China
The Communists seize control October 1, 1949.
Mao Zedong set up the People’s Republic of China.
Jiang Jieshi and his supporters fled to Taiwan.
Today, Taiwan is still a democratic nation, while mainland China is Communist.

7. The Great Leap Forward 1958 - 1961
What was it, according to the
propaganda?

8. The Cultural Revolution 1966 - 1968
What was it? What can we learn from
the propaganda?
What is a cult of personality? What
other totalitarian leaders had a
cult of personality?

9. The Red Guards
The “Lost Generation”

10. China
Reform and Reaction

11. China and the West Mao and Zhou Enlai, look West Economic Reform
1972, Nixon meets with Mao and Zhou
Agree to exchange culture, limited trade
1979, US and China establish diplomatic relations
Economic Reform
1980 Deng Xiaoping emerges as Chinese leader
Four Modernizations
Agriculture, industry, defense, science and technology

12. Massacre in Tiananmen Square
June 4th, 1989
Students demand democracy
Martial law attacked and killed hundreds
Stamping out Protest

13. Images from the Tiananmen Square Uprising
1989

14. Marches, hunger strikes, sit-ins, and more, for
democratic change.

15. Lady of Liberty sculpture, facing Mao.

16. Tanks roll in.

17. Clearing the square, as the world watches.

18. Order restored, but at what cost?

19. Transfer of Hong Kong
Great Britain hands over Hong Kong to China in 1997
Ending 155 years of colonial rule

20. Beyond 2000 What is China like right now???
Is there a growing need for democracy???
What are Chinese-US relations like???