1. 4.04 Understand the Functions and Disorders of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

2. 4.04 Understand the Functions and Disorders of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
What are the functions of the endocrine system? What are some disorders of the endocrine system? How do you relate the body’s hormones to the endocrine system?
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

3. Functions of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Glands What do they do? Target Organ/Cells What are they?
Hormones
What do they do?
How do they get to where they need to go?
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

4. Functions of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Glands secrete hormones
Hormones
What are they?
What are some examples of target organs/cells?
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

5. Functions of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Hormone Control
Nervous System
Sympathetic nervous system:
How does it effect the endocrine system?
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

6. Functions of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Hormone Control What is negative feedback?
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

7. Functions of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Adrenal cortex
Corticoids:
What is the function of corticoids?
Androgens:
What do androgens do?
Who has them?
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

8. Functions of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Adrenal medulla
Epinephrine:
How does epinephrine effect the body?
Norepinephrine:
Compare epinephrine to norepinephrine.
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

9. Functions of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Gonads
Ovaries (female)
Estrogen:
What does it do?
Progesterone:
Compare the function of estrogen to progesterone.
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

10. Functions of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Gonads
Testes (male)
Testosterone:
What is the function of testosterone?
Beards are the fastest growing hairs on the human body. What causes a beard to grow?
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

11. Functions of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Parathyroid Glands
Parathormone
What does parathormone do?
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

12. Functions of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Pancreas
(Islets of Langerhans)
Insulin
What does insulin do?
What factors influence its production?
What is its relevance to your health?
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

13. Functions of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Pituitary Gland (Master Gland)
Two Lobes (Anterior and Posterior)
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

14. Functions of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Pituitary gland
(Anterior Lobe)
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
What is the function of ACTH?
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
Discuss the function of FSH.
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

15. Functions of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Pituitary gland
(Anterior Lobe)
Growth hormone
What does it do?
Luteinizing hormone (LH)
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

16. Functions of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Pituitary gland
(Anterior Lobe)
Prolactin
What is the function of prolactin?
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
What is the function of TSH?
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

17. Functions of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Pituitary gland
(Posterior Lobe)
Vasopressin
What does it do?
Oxytocin
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

18. Functions of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Thymus Gland
T-lymphocyte production
What are they?
What do they do?
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

19. Functions of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Thyroid Gland
Thyroxine
What does thyroxine do?
Calcitonin
What is the function of calcitonin?
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

20. Disorders of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

21. Disorders of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Adrenal Cortex
Addison's disease
What is the cause of Addison’s disease? Low function of adrenal gland
What are the most common symptoms of Addison’s disease?
Skin bronzing, low blood lucose and low blood pressure
How is Addison’s disease treated?
Hormone replacement
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

22. Disorders of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Before
Adrenal Cortex
Cushing's Syndrome
What is a syndrome? Clinically recognizable features noticed by someone other than the pt
What are some common symptoms of Cushing’s syndrome?
Moon face and buffalo hump
How is Cushing’s syndrome treated?
Remove tumor or stop prednisone use
Compare the before and after pictures at the right.
After
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

23. Disorders of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Adrenal Glands
Steroid Abuse
in Sports
What are the risks?
Males: cardiovascular disease, liver changes, shrinking testicles, breast enlargement
Females: abnormal hair growth, amenorrhea
Why is it illegal?
Health risk outweigh the benefits
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

24. Disorders of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Pancreas
Diabetes Mellitus
What is the normal blood sugar range?
What are the most common symptoms?
Define these terms:
polyuria
polyphagia
polydipsia
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

25. Disorders of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Pancreas
Diabetes Mellitus (Type I)
How is it treated?
What age group is most commonly effected?
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

26. Disorders of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Pancreas
Diabetes Type II
Compare Type I to Type II diabetes
How is Type II diabetes treated?
Discuss some of the complications of diabetes?
Why does this happen?
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

27. Disorders of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Pituitary Gland
Acromegaly: excess secretion of growth hormone
Compare acromegaly to gigantism.
How is acromegaly treated?
Inhibit growth hormone secretion
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

28. Disorders of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Pituitary Gland
Growth Hormone Deficiency (childhood)
What are some common symptoms? Small stature and sexual immaturity
How is it treated? Injection of human growth hormone
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

29. Disorders of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Pituitary Gland
Gigantism
What causes gigantism?
Increased function of pituitary gland
What are the symptoms?
Excessively tall
How is it treated?
Same as acromegaly
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

30. Disorders of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Parathyroid
Tetany (hypoparathyroid):
What are the symptoms?
twitching
What are the treatments?
Vitamin D, calcium and parathormone
Discuss complications of tetany.
Respiratory death
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

31. Disorders of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Thyroid Gland
Hyperthyroidism
What does hyper- mean?
excessive
Discuss the symptoms of hyperthyroidism.
Loss of weight and body fat,
Hot flashes, goiter, bulging of eyes
How is it treated?
Total or partial removal of thyroid and meds to reduce secretion
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

32. Disorders of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Thyroid Gland
Hypothyroidism
Compare hypo- to hyper-.
Discuss the symptoms of hypothyroidism.
Dry, itchy skin, dry brittle hair, muscle spasms
How is it treated?
Thyroid hormone supplementation
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system

33. 4.04 Understand the Functions and Disorders of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
What are the functions of the endocrine system? What are some disorders of the endocrine system? How do you relate the body’s hormones to the endocrine system?
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the endocrine system