1. VADODARA INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING Institute Code : 080

2. PLAN,ELEVATION & SECTION OF RESIDENTIAL BULDING and ELEMENTRY PRINCIPLE OF BUILDING Name and enrollment no. : DUDHWALA ABDUL.I 130800119512 PARMAR ANKUR 130800119521 Subject : ELEMENTS OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Branch & Division : MECHANICAL -III Semester : I Academic year : 2013-14 Guide : Asst. Prof. Dharti Soni

3. PLAN  A building is imagined to be cut in horizontal plane at sill level and then it is viewed from top. It is called plan.  Plane is drawn in 2D.  Length and width of various units with wall thickness is drawn in plan.  Height of any unit is not observed from plan.  Location of doors, windows, ventilators, openings are shown in plan.

4. PLAN

5. ELEVATION  Elevations are generally drawn above the plan by projecting vertical lines from plan starting from left end side to right end side of the building.  Elevations are not showing any details below ground for substructure or foundation.  Elevation of building is drawn in vertical plane starting from G.L. to roof level with parapet.

6. ELEVATION

7. SECTION  Section is generally drawn on side of elevation so that projections are easily taken from elevation.  It is the sectional elevation of building at a particular assumed section.  Section of a building is drawn in vertical plane starting from foundation to roof level with parapet.  Dimensions, thickness, material type all details are shown on section.

8. SECTION

9. PRINCIPLES OF BUILDING PLANNING  Then architect prepares design of a building with the help of the following principles of planning. 1. Aspect 2. Prospect 3. Privacy 4. Roominess 5. Grouping 6. Circulation 7. Furniture requirement 8. Flexibility 9. Sanitation 10. Elegance 11. Economy

10. 1. ASPECT SUN RAYS ADMITTED INTO KITCHEN ASPECT – EAST SIDE EAST SIDE KITCHEN Disposition of doors and windows in the external walls – occupants can enjoy the gifts of the nature i.e. sun-shine, breeze, view of landscape etc.

11. ASPECTS FOR DIFFERENT ROOMS BED ROOMS WEST KITCHEN EAST STUDY ROOM, STORE, STAIR CASE, BATH, WC NORTH LIVING ROOM, DINING ROOM VERANDAH SOUTH

12. 2. PROSPECT INSIDE OBSERVER INSIDER OBSERVER LARGE VIEW DESIRED LESS VIEW DESIRED CONCEALING UNDESIRABLE VIEW INSIDE OBSERVER

13. 3. PRIVACY Types of privacy: (1) Privacy of all parts of building with reference to surrounding buildings, roads etc. This type of privacy can be achieved by-- Growing plants, trees etc Providing high windows with respect to roads, grounds etc. (2) Privacy of one room from another room: This type of privacy can be achieved by— Carefully positioning of doors & windows Exposure of the interior space / room to the visitors vision

14. Privacy depends on placement of doors /window openings OBSERVER NO PRIVACY MODERATE PRIVACY OBSERVER MAXIMUM PRIVACY OBSERVER

15. PRIVACY CONTD…  Internal privacy can be achieved by Providing curtains Providing screens  Avoiding windows in interior walls of the room

16. 4. ROOMINESS 1.Getting maximum benefit from minimum dimensions or space of room 2.Rectangular shaped room gives feeling of more space than square shaped room for the same area LESS AREA AVAILABLE MORE AREA AVAILABLE

17. 5. GROUPING Arrangement of various rooms in relation with their functions KIT LIVING DIN BED STAIR BATH KIT LIVING BED DIN STAIR GOOD GROUPING IMPROPER GROUPING BATH

18. 6. CIRCULATION 1.Horizontal circulation – passages, corridors, verandahs, balcony etc. 2.Vertical circulation – stairs, lifts, escalators,ramp etc. BAD CIRCULATION GOOD CIRCULATION DOOR HORIZONTAL CIRCULATION

19. 6. CIRCULATION CONTD… VERTICAL CIRCULATION STUDY KIT BEDVER LIV STUDY KIT BEDVER LIV BAD CIRCULATION WITH OUTSIDE STAIR GOOD CIRCULATION WITH STAIR INSIDE N

20. 7. FURNITURE REQUIREMENT  Function of the Room decides the Furniture requirement of that room Living hall – sofa set, tea-table, TV case, showcase, etc. Bed room– single bed or double bed, dressing table, cupboard etc. Dining room– dinning table, chairs, cupboards etc.  One can arrived at dimension of a room by Knowing type of furniture to be kept in.

21. 8. FLEXIBILITY To facilitate accommodation of changes in the plan of the building in future if necessary ROOM 1 ROOM 2 BIG HALL

22. 9. SANITATION  Lighting Natural Lighting Artificial Lighting  Ventilation Natural Ventilation Artificial Ventilation  Cleanliness  Sanitary Provisions Baths-rooms Water Closets Latrines

23. 10. ELEGENCE  Elegance means the aesthetic view of the building or the beauty of the building  Elegance of the building can be achieved by Increasing the plinth height of buildings Treatment of exterior of building – sloping roof, projections etc.

24. ELEGENCE : CLASSROOM BUILDING

25. 11. ECONOMY  Minimum dimensions of the room, doors, windows  Simple design of building  Providing minimum height of building  Avoiding porches, lobbies etc  Using simple type of fixtures and fastening

26. REFERENCES 1. “ELEMENTS OF CIVIL ENGINEERING” By R.P.RETHALIYA, ATUL PRAKASHAN 2. “ELEMENTS OF CIVIL ENGINEERING” By R.B.KHASIYA, MAHAJAN PUBLISHING HOUSE

27. THANK YOU