1. Introduction to Engineering and Technology Concepts Unit Five Chapter Five – Computer and Internet Connections

2. Instructions for Success: Each chapter of every unit will begin with a “Mindjog.” This is a warm up question that you should answer in your workbook in the proper chapter. Please take notes as you move through the presentations in the notebook that has been provided. Sections will come up in each presentation with an assignment notice. Turn to the section detailed on the slide in your workbook and complete the assignment before proceeding. Good luck!

3. Objective Students will define the various components of computers, internet connection, as aspects of telecommunications.

4. Mindjog! On your worksheet, please respond to the following question: “Chapter One asked What is the definition of technology. Did your answer have anything to do with a computer? If so, why did you state something computer- related?

5. Computers When a lot of people think of technology they immediately visualize a computer with internet connection. Computers are used in all areas of life and are especially good when used for communication. A computer is a machine that performs a number of tasks controlled by a set of instructions (Wright, 2004).

6. Computers Some examples that people may not consider computers are the scanners at the grocery checkout areas, banking machines, remote controls, Blu-ray players, and even video game units. There’s even a computer that controls the microwave (Wright, 2004) !

7. Computers A computer includes physical equipment called hardware and operating instructions called software. Hardware can be the computer and all the devices attached to it, like the mouse. The software would be games that you play or operating systems (Wright, 2004).

8. Main Components A computer’s “heart” would be the central processing unit (CPU). This is the working part of the computer that carries out instructions. The CPU is a microprocessor chip. Another main component is memory, where the computer stores its data and operating instructions. There are two types: read only and random access (Wright, 2004).

9. Memory Read only memory (ROM) is memory that can be read by the computer but cannot be changed (Wright, 2004). Random-access memory (RAM) is memory that can be read or changed by the computer and the user. In addition, data can be stored outside of the computer by external storage devices These can include CD-ROMs, hard drives, flash drives, etc (Wright, 2004).

10. Input/Output Devices Attached to the computer are input devices that allow the operator to enter data into the computer’s operating system. These include microphones, the mouse, keyboard, scanners, etc. Output devices is the data generated by the computer and includes monitors, speakers, printers, etc (Wright, 2004).

11. Assignment #1 Please turn to the section in your workbook entitled, “Unit Five, Chapter Five – Computer and Internet Connections.” Complete the extension questions under the “Assignment #1” header before moving onto the next section of slides.

12. BEFORE MOVING ON: Did you complete the “Assignment #1” Section under the “Unit Five, Chapter Five – Computer and Internet Connections” section of your workbook? If you have, please proceed to the next slide.

13. Networks While computers alone can be used to do a specific task, they can be connected into networks. In this case, a computer is connected to other computers. There are two types: Local Area Network (LAN) – used in a single building or site, it connects several personal computers to a special computer called the sever. The sever is used to store programs and data for the network. Wide Area Network (WAN) – covers large geographical areas. The largest WAN is the internet (Wright, 2004).

14. The Internet The term internet means interconnected networks. The internet is a computer-based global information system. No one really owns it because much of its creation and initial workings emerged from research that was federally funded. It is a collection of large and small independent networks called intranets. These intranets link hundreds of computers, with the internet allowing them to share information (Wright, 2004).

15. Internet Use People use the internet for: The World Wide Web (WWW): a way to find and display multimedia documents. Electronic Mail (e-mail): a way to send and receive written messages. Newsgroups or chat rooms: a way to carry on interactive discussions using written text. Electronic commerce (e-commerce): A way to buy and sell goods (Wright, 2004).

16. Internet Service Provider Every computer connected to the internet is part of a network, with companies having their own LAN. A home computer is connected into a network formed by the Internet Service Provider (ISP) (Wright, 2004). An example of a LAN, with the server in the center.

17. More on the Internet Large companies have built their own communication lines called backbones, which typically consist of fiber optic lines that connect regions in their systems. The companies have also established connection points known as point of presence (POP). It is normally a telephone number or dedicated line. The communication companies connected their systems at network access points (NAPs). The internet also contains many routers, which are specialized computers that determine how to send information from one computer to another (Wright, 2004).

18. Internet Access There are two was to connect to the internet and gain access: Dial Up and Dedicated Access. Dial up access has the computer connected to the internet through a modem. A modem is a device that can convert data signals into signals that a telephone system can recognize. It also changes the signals back to data. With dedicated access, the computer is directly connected to the internet at all times. Digital subscriber lines (DSL) and cable modems are examples of these. All computers have an internet protocol (IP) address. A typical IP address is a series of numbers like 12.225.193.96. The first set of numbers is called the net section, which states what network the computer is on and the next is the actual computer on the network (Wright, 2004).

19. Domains Every time a person uses the internet, he or she uses a domain name. Each site has a uniform resource locator (URL) that is a code identifying the type and name of the document. For example, the International Technology Education Association home page is http://www.iteawww.org. Originally, there were seven types:.com – Commercial Organizations.edu – four year colleges and universities.gov – government institutions.int – internet organizations.mil – military groups.net – organizations directly involved in internet operations.org – organizations other than those above (Wright, 2004).

20. The WWW To access the world wide web (WWW), we need web browsers, which is a software program such as Netscape or internet explorer that acts as the interface between the user and the web. Web Servers hold documents and related media. Web Pages, which hold information in text form, use hypertext markup language (HTML) to tell the receiving computer how the page should look. Links, or hyperlinks, are connections that move to another web page (Wright, 2004).

21. Assignment #2 Please turn to the section in your workbook entitled, “Unit Five, Chapter Five – Computer and Internet Connections.” Complete the extension questions under the “Assignment #2” header before moving onto the next section of slides.

22. BEFORE MOVING ON: Did you complete the “Assignment #2” Section under the “Unit Five, Chapter Five – Computer and Internet Connections” section of your workbook? If you have, please proceed to the next slide.

23. Unit Five Completed! Please close this presentation and launch the file entitled, “Unit 6, Chapter 1.”

24. References Wright, R. (2004) “Technology” The Goodheart-Willcox Company, Inc.