1. MODULE 6 THE INTERNET

2. Introduction to the Internet and World Wide Web A computer network is a communication system that connects two or more computers so that they can exchange information and share resources. A network can be set up in different arrangement to suit users’ needs.

3. Types of networks Local Area Network Metropolitan Area Network Wide Area Network

4. Local Area Network (LAN) A local area network (LAN) is a network with nodes that are in close physical proximity— within the same building for instance. Node—any device that is connected to a network. It could be a computer, printer, or data storage device. Typically, LANs span distances less than a mile and are owned and operated by individual organizations.

5. LAN

6. Types of LANs Home Networks is a LAN for home and apartment use; typically wireless. Wireless LAN (WLAN) is a LAN where all communication passes through access point. Personal Area Network is a LAN that connects digital devices such as PDAs.

7. Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) MAN spans distances up to 100 miles. These networks are frequently used as link between office buildings that are located throughout a city.

8. Wide Area Network (WAN) Wide area networks (WANs) are countrywide and worldwide networks. These networks provide access to regional services (MAN) providers and typically span distances greater than 100 miles. They use microwave relays and satellites to reach users over long distances—for example, from Los Angeles to Paris.

9. WAN

10. The Internet The Internet is the widest of all WANs, which spans the entire globe. The Internet is often referred to as the Information Superhighway. In a sense, it is like a highway that connects you to millions of other people and organization. Unlike typical highways that move people and things from one location to another, the Internet moves your ideas and information.

11. cont The Web provides an easy-to-use, intuitive, multimedia interface to resources available on the Internet. It has become an everyday tool for all of us to use. The Internet was launched in 1969 when the United States funded a project that developed a national computer network called ARPANET.

12. The Web The Web provides an easy-to-use, intuitive, multimedia interface to resources available on the Internet. The Web was introduced in 1991 at the CERN in Switzerland. Prior to the Web, the Internet was all text―no graphics, animations, sound, or video. The Web made it possible to include these elements.

13. cont The first generation of the Web, known as Web 1.0, focused on linking existing information. In 2001, the second generation, Web 2.0, evolved to support more dynamic content creation and social interaction. Facebook is one of the best known Web 2.0 applications. Some suggest that we have entered into the next generation, Web 3,0. It focuses on computer-generated information requiring less human interaction to locate and to integrate information.

14. Uses of the Internet and the Web Communicating Shopping Searching for information Education or e-learning Entertainment

15. Accessing the Internet and the Web The most common way to access the Internet is through an Internet Service Provider (ISP). ISPs in Zanzibar are Zanlink, Zantel, Zanzibar Connect, Tigo, Airtel and Vodacom. When provided with a connection to the Internet, you can use a browser program to search the Web. Users connect to ISPs using one of a variety of connection technologies including DSL, cable, and wireless modem.

16. cont Browser URLs Domain name HTML Web page

17. Browsers Browsers are programs that provide access to Web resources. This software connects you to remote computers, opens and transfer files, displays text, images, and multimedia, and provides in one tool an uncomplicated interface to the Internet and Web documents. Four well-known browsers are Mozilla Firefox, Apple Safari, Microsoft Internet Explorer, and Google Chrome.

18. URL Uniform Resource Locator (ULR) is a web address of the resource. http://www.suza.ac.tz http represent the protocol used for Web traffic. Protocols are rules for exchanging data between computers. www.suza.ac.tz represents the domain name of the organization. www.suza.ac.tz

19. cont It indicates the specific address where the resource is located. ac indicates an academic site. tz indicates the site is in Tanzania.

20. HTML Web documents must be writing using the Hypertext Markup Language (HTML). The browser interprets the HTML formatting instructions and displays the document as a Web Page.

21. Electronic Mail E-mail—provides a fast, efficient alternative to traditional mail by sending and receiving electronic documents. E-mail is the transmission of electronic messages over the Internet. Husein.Shaaban@suza.ac.tz Web email for example yahoo.com, hotmail.com or google.com.

22. Search Engines Search engines are specialized programs that assist you in locating information on the Web and the Internet. Example is Google’s search engine.

23. Electronic Learning Tools

24. Features Available in Student Registration System (Zalongwa)