1. Mainstreaming Climate Change into Disaster Risk Reduction Programme and Plan of Action for the Caribbean 5 th Caribbean Conference on Comprehensive Disaster Management “CDM: Strengthening Partnerships for Resilience” Hilton Rose Hall Resort & Spa, Montego Bay, Jamaica 6 th – 10 th December, 2010 Dr. Adrian Cashman Chair Climate Change and Disaster Management Working Group (CCDM- WG)

2. PRESENTATION OVERVIEW 1.Caribbean Hazard and Vulnerability Context 2.Climate Change Adaptation and Disaster Risk Reduction 3.Mainstreaming Climate Change into Disaster Risk Management for the Caribbean Region (CCDM) Project – Model Programme and Plan of Action 4.Next Steps and Take Home Messages 2

3. 3 Climate Change & Natural Hazards THE CARIBBEAN- Climate Change & Natural Hazards adaptation.  The IPCC Fourth Assessment Report concluded that climate change is now a certainty, and that it has begun to affect the frequency, intensity, and length of many climate-related hazard events, such as floods, droughts, storms and extreme temperatures, thus increasing the need for additional timely and effective adaptation. Severe Weather Event St. Vincent & the Grenadines, 2008 Flood Event – Trinidad August 2008 Hurricane Lenny, Palmiste, Grenada, 1999 Hurricane Tomas Saint Lucia, 2010

4. CONSEQUENCES OF CLIMATE CHANGE  Change in rainfall regimes adverse effect on agriculture  Decrease in precipitation less available water  Increase in temperatures increased evaporation increased evapo-transpiration (soil moisture) implications for:  Agriculture  Health  Coral reefs Source, Charlery, UWI, 2009

5. CONSEQUENCES OF CLIMATE CHANGE  Increase in extreme events – droughts, floods  Increased sea level rise  salt water intrusion  coastal inundation  beach/coastline erosion  storm surge exaggeration  Increased intensity of heavy rain events  rapid run off  flash floods  accelerated soil erosion  accelerated run off of contaminants  Adverse effects on coastal water Source, Charlery, UWI, 2009

6. CONSEQUENCES OF CLIMATE CHANGE  Greater intensity of hurricanes  Implications for:  human settlements  tourism  infrastructure  livelihoods

7. Climate Change Adaptation (CCA) & Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) 7 CCA and DRR converge in relation to climate hazards –The desired outcome of both is risk reduction –DRR is concerned primarily with risks from present climate variability, geographically and related extremes –CCA is primarily more focused upon increasing extremes of climate events and the future changes in those risks Both CCA and DRR require similar information systems, skills, and institutional arrangements. –Measures to reduce vulnerability and disaster risk are proven and are already being applied to adaptation. Integrating CCA and DRR would streamline response and avoid costly duplication of scarce resources Source: GFDRR, World Bank, 2009; Briefing Note, ISDR, 2009

8. 8 CCA & DRR- POLICY FRAMEWORK Two policy frameworks are defining the CARICOM region’s priorities: 1.Regional Framework for Achieving Development Resilient to Climate Change 2009-2015 (CCCCC) 2.Comprehensive Disaster Management Strategy and Framework 2007-2012 (CDEMA)

9. Regional Framework for Achieving Development Resilient to Climate Change (2009-2015) SE 1: Mainstream CCA strategies into the sustainable dev. agendas SE 2: Promote the implementatio n of specific adaptation measures to address key vulnerabilities SE 3: Promote actions to reduce the vulnerabilit y of natural and human systems SE4: Promote actions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions SE 5: Promote actions to derive social, economic and environmental benefits from the prudent management of standing forests VISION Building Regional Resilience to a Changing Climate VISION Building Regional Resilience to a Changing Climate

10. Enhanced CDM Strategic Framework (2007-2012) OUTCOME 4: Enhanced community resilience in CDEMA states/ territories to mitigate and respond to the adverse effects of climate change and disasters OUTPUTS OUTCOME 3: Disaster Risk Management has been mainstreamed at national levels and incorporated into key sectors of national economies ( including tourism, health agriculture and nutrition) OUTCOME 3: Disaster Risk Management has been mainstreamed at national levels and incorporated into key sectors of national economies ( including tourism, health agriculture and nutrition) OUTCOME 2: An effective mechanism and programme for management of comprehensive disaster management knowledge has been established OUTCOME 2: An effective mechanism and programme for management of comprehensive disaster management knowledge has been established PURPOSE To strengthen regional, national and community level capacity for mitigation, management, and coordinated response to natural and technological hazards, and the effects of climate change. PURPOSE To strengthen regional, national and community level capacity for mitigation, management, and coordinated response to natural and technological hazards, and the effects of climate change. OUTCOME 1: Enhanced institutional support for CDM Program implementation at national and regional levels OUTCOME 1: Enhanced institutional support for CDM Program implementation at national and regional levels GOAL Regional Sustainable Development enhanced through CDM GOAL Regional Sustainable Development enhanced through CDM

11. 11 Mainstreaming Climate Change into Disaster Risk Management for the Caribbean Region (CCDM) Project Project Objective: To strengthen regional, national and community level capacity for mitigation, management and coordinated response to natural and technological `hazards and the effects of climate change Development Partner:Austrian Development Agency (ADA) Executing Agency:Caribbean Disaster Emergency Management Agency (CDEMA) Partners: CCCCC, CPDC, UWI (DRRC, CERMES), UNDP, IFRC, CANARI, UNIFEM,CIMH, OECS, DFID, CaFAN, CRFM Project Execution Unit:Nicole Alleyne, Programme Coordinator; Adanna Robertson, Programme Officer Beneficiaries: CDEMA Participating States, SRFPs, Selected Communities Project Value:€689,425 Project Duration:Initiated in Dec 2008 extended until June 30 th, 2011

12. 12 CCDM RESULTS AND ACTIVITIES

13. 13 The Model Programme and Plan of Action for Integrating CCA and DDR “Blue print for national level integration of climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction”

14. ISDR 6 STEPS FOR MAINSTREAMING 1.Mapping institutions, policies and mechanisms already in place for reducing disaster risk and dealing with climate change; 2.Taking stock of the available information on hazards, exposure, vulnerabilities and risk assessments; 3.Convening multistakeholder discussions to review information and identify opportunities to harmonise policy and address capacity gaps; 4.Initiating capacity development activities to build or strengthen coherent approaches to climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction; 5.Designing joint project initiatives that address both climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction. 6.Conducting adaptation planning with a multisectoral, development based approach and centralised oversight responsibility 14

15. PROGRESS ON MAINSTREAMING Mapping institutions, policies and mechanisms already in place for reducing disaster risk and dealing with climate change; Taking stock of the available information on hazards, exposure, vulnerabilities and risk assessments; Convening multi-stakeholder discussions to review information and identify opportunities to harmonise policy and address capacity gap A review has been undertaken of all work undertaken (mechanisms etc) and institutions at the regional level Mapped to the 2 policy frameworks; and gaps have been identified. Being advanced by the CCCCC/ CDEMA and work to date documented (incl. risk atlas) Informed the POA Working on getting country specific data The CCDM WG has been established (Oct 2009) and is regularly convened Detailed first draft of the POA; gaps identified Opportunities for harmonisation on common areas for discussion.

16. PROGRESS ON MAINSTREAMING Initiating capacity development activities to build or strengthen coherent approaches to climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction; Designing joint project initiatives that address both climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction. Conducting adaptation planning with a multisectoral, development based approach and centralised oversight responsibility CCDM WG supports understanding of capacity needs Needs identified feed into the POA Initiatives designed as part of the POA to address practical problems Strengthening of existing and development of new projects Not yet achieved. 16

17. 17 PROGRAMME AREAS FOR INTEGRATING CCA AND DRR Institutional structure & governance CC integrated into the existing disaster management framework. Improved national climate change adaptation frameworks Legislation Model CC Legislation factors in specific considerations in DRR Regional Standards factor in climate change considerations in disaster risk reduction measures for hazard mapping and risk assessment. Guidelines factor in CC considerations in DRR measures for building and infrastructure. Capacity building Planning and national/local emergency organizations agencies’ have an increased understanding of the impact of not reducing risk on sustainability, and increased ability to implement and enforce development standards.

18. 18 Data sets/ database Improved accessibility to consolidated data related to DM and CC. Information & targeted communication Revised CCCCC Climate Change Public Education and Outreach Strategy and CDEMA Model Education Strategy that includes intersection of CC and DRR Implementation of the information and communications strategy. Research Best practices and documentation for regional implementation of CCA & DRR Remote sensing in disaster risk management. (case studies and new technology).Existing radars for real time flood forecasting (DRM). Improvement of existing climate models. PROGRAMME AREAS FOR INTEGRATING CCA AND DRR

19. 19 Coordinate programmes Establish standardised training programmes for the region through a suite of DRM & CC courses; as well as document available courses. Create and award undergraduate degrees in DRM including climate change. Sensitise all students, regardless of discipline, to DRM & CC. Training and education Adapt existing M& E framework CDEMA/IDB Tourism project for use at national level. Improve information sharing using existing websites to provide access to project documents, information and outputs from CC & DRM projects. Establish instrumentation/technology to monitor hazards, including forecasting, early warning system(s) and projections. Monitoring & Evaluation (M&E) PROGRAMME AREAS FOR INTEGRATING CCA AND DRR

20. THE CCA AND DRR PLAN OF ACTION The CCDM-WG has so far developed some aspects of the cross cutting areas and begun the process of action planning to determine where action will be taken – public/private sector or civil society. –Desired Result –Target Group –Implementing Partners –Activities –Steps to be taken –Resources Required –Time Frame 20

21. NEXT STEPS 1.Advance national consensus building workshops in four CDEMA pilot states (Dec to March 2011) –Allow for the contextualising of the document for national mainstreaming. –Further development of Action Plans through CCDM-WG and the CDEMA TAC Committee on Climate Change, Disaster Risk Reduction and Environment 2.Input for driving the process of developing a POA for the region (CCCCC) and helping to access available funds for the region. 3.Advance joint initiatives on adaptation and DRR planning with a multi sectoral, development based approach and centralised oversight responsibility 21

22. TAKE HOME MESSAGES 1.Disaster Risk Reduction offers a triple win: limits the impacts of climate related hazards, directly supports adaptation to climate change and helps alleviate poverty. 2.The model programme and plan of action will provide guidance to CDEMA states on integrating DRR into their programming. 3.Integration is difficult cross cutting work and both in country and regional commitment together with sustained support from all stakeholders will be necessary to address risks. 4.Streamlining of DRR and CCA creates opportunities for access to available resources for the overall advancement of development in the region as a whole. 22

23. 23 CONTACT INFORMATION The Caribbean Disaster Emergency Management Agency, Coordinating Unit (CDEMA CU) Building #1, Manor Lodge Complex Lodge Hill, St. Michael Barbados Email: nicole.alleyne@cdema.org Or adanna.robertson@cdema.org Web: http://www.cdema.orgwww.cdema.org Telephone: 246-425-0386