1. Photosynthesis The Transfer of Light energy into chemical energy Sections 4.2-4.3

2. The purpose of plants Convert inorganic to organic Foundation of food web- autotrophs Shelter Energy Medicine Soil Stability

3. Adaptations: allowed plants to move on to land not present in non-vascular plants Mycorrhizae fungus- in 80% of plants Pollen grains Stomata Cuticle-waxy Vascular tissue Xylem- non-living, water from roots Phloem- living, food to roots

4. Rate of Photosynthesis Availability of raw materials Temperature 68-95 o F (20-35 o C)- below or above enzyme activity decreases Intensity of sunlight Rate levels off at a given intensity

5. Chlorophyll The pigment that absorbs the sunlight Chlorophyll absorbs in the blue, violet and red spectrum but reflects green light You see the wavelength reflected

6. Anatomy of a chloroplast Stroma Thylakoid

7. The Balanced Equation 6CO 2 + 12H 2 O C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 + 6 H 2 O Sunlight ReactantsProducts

8. Graphic Overview of Photosynthesis

9. The Players CO 2, H 2 O, O 2, C 6 H 12 O 6 sunlight NADPH, ATP - energy molecules NADP +, ADP - potential energy NADP+ NADPH

10. Light Dependent Reaction Takes Place in the Thylakoid Membrane Pigment in photosystem II transfers energy to photosystem I Energy is used by NADP + to become NADPH H + from oxidation of water convert ADP to ATP 2H 2 O 4H + + O 2

11. The Dark Reaction The Calvin Cycle Takes place in the stroma, does not require light Energy for reaction is provided by NADPH and ATP from light reaction Forms Glucose

12. 6CO 2 + 12H 2 O C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 + 6 H 2 O Sunlight Light Reaction H 2 O + NADP + + ADP + P NADPH + ATP + O 2 + H 2 Dark Reaction NADPH + CO 2 C 6 H 12 O 6 + H 2 O + ADP + NADP + Remains in chloroplast Light Reaction Dark Reaction ATP Sunlight