1. Organic Chemistry

2. September 19, 2015September 19, 2015September 19, 2015 GSCI 163 Spring 2010 Organic Chemistry  the study of compounds containing carbon that is chemically bonded to hydrogen. (synthesis, identification, modeling, and chemical reactions) compoundscarbonhydrogenreactionscompoundscarbonhydrogenreactions  study of the structure, properties, composition, reactions, and preparation (by synthesis or by other means) of hydrocarbons and their derivatives. reactionssynthesis hydrocarbonsreactionssynthesis hydrocarbons  study of carbon or the study of chemicals in living organisms

3. September 19, 2015September 19, 2015September 19, 2015 GSCI 163 Spring 2010 163 definition In identifying molecules as inorganic or organic we will use the following specific definition: Compounds containing carbon EXCEPT CO, CO2, CO3EXCEPT CO, CO2, CO3

4. September 19, 2015September 19, 2015September 19, 2015 GSCI 163 Spring 2010 Hydrocarbons  Carbon Hydrogen molecules Methane CH4

5. September 19, 2015September 19, 2015September 19, 2015 GSCI 163 Spring 2010 hydrocarbons Aliphatic compounds Aromatic compounds Benzene element Single bonds Triple Double Rings (NOT Benzene)

6. September 19, 2015September 19, 2015September 19, 2015 GSCI 163 Spring 2010 Construct Ethane C2H6 [ane]  all single bonds Methane CH4 Ethane C2H6 Propane C3H8 Butane C4H10 Alkanes

7. September 19, 2015September 19, 2015September 19, 2015 GSCI 163 Spring 2010 Construct Ethylene C2H4 [ene]  contains double bonds Ethylene C2H4 Proplyene C3H8 Alkenes

8. September 19, 2015September 19, 2015September 19, 2015 GSCI 163 Spring 2010 functional group  A functional group is a molecular module, and the reactivity of that functional group is assumed, within limits, to be the same in a variety of molecules  Saturate means no double carbon bonds. No more hydrogen can be added. saturated Isomer  Same formula but a different structure

9. September 19, 2015September 19, 2015September 19, 2015 GSCI 163 Spring 2010 isomer  Build two isomers of butane C4H10  Isobutane, n-butane

10. September 19, 2015September 19, 2015September 19, 2015 GSCI 163 Spring 2010 Groups Methy -CH3 Ethyl –CH2-CH3 Amino –NH3 Flouro –F Nitro -NO3

11. September 19, 2015September 19, 2015September 19, 2015 GSCI 163 Spring 2010 Construct Ethyne C2H2 [yne]  contains triple bonds Ethyne C2H2 (aceteylene) Propyne C3H4 Alkynes

12. September 19, 2015September 19, 2015September 19, 2015 GSCI 163 Spring 2010 Construct Cyclobutane C4H10 [cyclo..ane]  all single bonds CycloPropane C3H6 CylcoButane C4H8 CycloAlkanes

13. September 19, 2015September 19, 2015September 19, 2015 GSCI 163 Spring 2010 Construct Benzene Aromatic  6-carbon rings  Benzene C6H6  napthalene C10H8

14. September 19, 2015September 19, 2015September 19, 2015 GSCI 163 Spring 2010 Alcohols  alcohol is any organic compound in which a hydroxyl functional group (-OH) is bound to a saturated carbon atom organic compoundhydroxylfunctional groupOHcarbonorganic compoundhydroxylfunctional groupOHcarbon ethanol, C2H5OH

15. September 19, 2015September 19, 2015September 19, 2015 GSCI 163 Spring 2010 Name of alcohol Chemical formula of alcoholStructure of alcohol methanolCH 3 OH ethanolCH 3 CH 2 OH or C 2 H 5 OH propan-1-olCH 3 CH 2 CH 2 OH or C 3 H 7 OH propan-2-olCH 3 CH(OH)CH 3

16. September 19, 2015September 19, 2015September 19, 2015 GSCI 163 Spring 2010 Sugar  Alcohol C6H12O6  2CO2 + 2CH3CH2OH Glucose ethanol

17. September 19, 2015September 19, 2015September 19, 2015 GSCI 163 Spring 2010  Ethers R-O-R’  Aldehyes Keytones (acetone)  Carboxylic Acid  Esters  Amines

18. September 19, 2015September 19, 2015September 19, 2015 GSCI 163 Spring 2010 Hydrocarbons Only C and H present Alkanes Only single bonds Alkenes Double bond(s) between two carbons Alkynes Triple bond(s) between two carbons Aromatic Alcohols Ethers Aldehydes Ketones Carboxylic Acids Esters Amines Amides R, R', and R'' r epresent hydrocarbon groups ( alkyl groups)

19. September 19, 2015September 19, 2015September 19, 2015 GSCI 163 Spring 2010Groups

20. September 19, 2015September 19, 2015September 19, 2015 GSCI 163 Spring 2010 Organic molecules  Proteins  Sugars  Carbohydrates  Fats  Cellulose  Plastic  Rubber  DNA  Hormones  Alcohols  Propane