1. Mobilizing Aid for Trade: A Global Review Panel 2: Improving the “Qualitative” Measurement of Aid for Trade WTO, 19th November 2007 Raymond Saner & Lichia Yiu DD/CSEND, Geneva www.diplomacydialogue.org

2. Objectives of Presentation To urgently draw attention to the need to combine AfT with aid effectiveness measures for the benefit of all partners involved in AfT! To propose instrument which will help all AfT partners reach a return on investment of training based capacity development (TbCD) together!

3. Field Experience WTO, Trade Policy Course, External Trainer & Expert (1982-2005) PRSP/DW/Employment, Ethiopia (2003), Cameroon (2005), Madagascar (2006) Assessment of IF Geneva Agencies (2005) WTO accession training, Kyrgystan (2002), Azerbaijan (2003, 2005), Lebanon (2004), Ethiopia (2007) WTO/FTAA/CAN, Bolivia, 2000-2002 WTO TRIPS Flexibility, Essential Drugs and Technology Transfer, Ethiopia (2007)

4. Technical Assistance to Least-Developed Countries in the Context of the Doha Development Round: High Risk of Failure Raymond Saner & Laura Paéz, JWT, (40(3): 467-494, 2006) The International Monetary Fund's Influence onTrade Policies of Low-income Countries: A Valid Undertaking? Raymond Saner & Ricardo Guilherme, JWT, 41(5): 931-981, 2007

5. AfT AND Training based Capacity Development (TbCD) 1. Supply side development and Trade facilitation are needed AND… 2. ……..without training = no transfer of know-how, no sustainability! 3. Training is absolutely needed AND up to 50%-70% of training does not reach objectives (loss of investment) due to a multitude of reasons (beneficiary, donor, expert, IO caused). 4. Assuming AfT might reach 3000 million Euros AND 30% of which is through training AND we should anticipate a waste of 500 million Euros. 5. Many if not all TRTA is not alligned with DAC/OECD guidelines

6. Training is and is not…. Training is not education!!!!! Learning is meant to be used in practice!!!! Training is supposed to benefit individuals AND the organisation which sends people for training Training is not about number of days trained, people trained, visits to X country made, per diem paid etc. (input and output measures) ….Training is about whether an identified performance gap of an organisation-ministry- government-etc is closed or not (outcome measure)

7. DAC Indicators of Aid Effectiveness relevant for TbDC and TRTA 11: Managing for Results Results oriented frameworks- number of countries with transparent and monitorable performance assessment frameworks to assess progress against (a) the national development strategies and (b) sector programmes 12: Mutual Accountability Mutual Accountability- number of partner countries that undertake mutual assessments of progress in implementing agreed commitments on aid effectiveness including those in this Declaration

8. State the obvious: Training is a “must have” for sustainable AfT capacity development AND much of current TbCD is not successful Put aside “pet projects and old style influencing strategies” AND agree on a common monitoring instrument for TbCD in AfT context Implement ISO 10015 Quality Assurance certification across the board AND by all parties concerned to ensure ROI and equitable-sustainable AfT Recommendations Basic step Next step Final Step

9. Solution ISO 10015

10. It aligns training of people to country development and ministerial performance objectives within the context of Trade & Development It provides a process management tool for learning transfer, continuous improvement of training and capacity building processes and outcome (higher pay-off) It gives ownership and accountability to the recipient countries and counterparts It supports programme evaluation by establishing an in- depth database It facilitates multilevel knowledge creation and knowledge management

11. Added Value of an ISO 10015 Certified Training System Safeguards against sub-optimal use of resources Ensures result-based accountability of the training and capacity building function Documents quantifiable data for process improvement Anchors AfT agenda within recipient country ’ s strategic planning and implementation processes Knowledge management in the hands of ALL partners

12. Thank You !!