2. AUTISM Sarah Sullivan Introduction to Teaching Students with Disabilities SPED 602 ON Dr. Levy August 1, 2010

3. Purpose Provide an understanding of autism Identify students with autism Instructional approaches

4. Process Define autism Characteristics Teaching methods Success story Dedicated organizations and resources

5. Payoff Educators will be provided with the tools required to assess their students’ abilities and implement approaches best suited to the learning needs of these individuals.

6. “Autism is a complex developmental disability that typically appears during the first three years of life and is the result of a neurological disorder that affects the normal functioning of the brain, impacting development in the areas of social interaction and communication skills. Both children and adults with autism typically show difficulties in verbal and non- verbal communication, social interactions, and leisure or play activities. Autism is a spectrum disorder and it affects each individual differently and at varying degrees.” ~The Autism Society of America (ASA)

7. Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) Autism Asperger syndrome Rett syndrome Childhood disintegrative disorder (CDD) Pervasive development disorder – not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS) Smith, 2007

8. History Development Early stages Modern day

9. Prevalence of Autism http://www.healthyfellow.com/images/2009/autism-rates.gif

10. Key Facts An estimated 1.5 million Americans have been diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder Four out of five autistic children are boys Autism has an annual cost of $90 billion worldwide, which is expected to rise to $200-$400 billion by the year 2014 Autism fast fact, n.d.

11. Causes and Risk Factors Genes Heredity Underlying medical condition Prescription medication taken during pregnancy Vaccines Centers for Disease Control (CDC) – Facts, n.d.

12. Characteristics of Autism

13. Teaching Methods Positive praise and reinforcements Age appropriate material and difficulty Discrete trial methods Visual approaches –Picture exchange communication Teaching Students With Autism: A Resource Guide for Schools, 2000

14. Example of Picture Exchange Communication

15. Success Story

16. Dedicated Organizations and Resources Autism Society of America (ASD) –www.autism-society.org Autism Speaks –www.autismspeaks.org First Signs –www.firstsigns.org Organization for Autism Research (OAR) –www.researchautism.org MAAP Services for Autism, Asperger Syndrome, and PDD –www.maapservices.org CDC’s Resources on Vaccines and Autism –www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/autism/vaccines.htm Centers of Disease Control (CDC) – Resources, n.d.

17. Conclusion Spectrum disorder Strengths and abilities range Theories about the cause Treatments Challenges The need for help and support Rudy, 2009

18. References Smith, Deborah Deutsch (2007). Introduction To Special Education: Making A Difference (6th ed). Pearson Education, Inc. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (n.d.). Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Retrieved July 27, 2010, from http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/autism/facts.html Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (n.d.). Resources. Retrieved July 27, 2010, from http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/actearly/pdf/ccp_pdfs/CCP_resources.pdf Autism fast facts. (n.d.). Retrieved July 27, 2010, from http://www.autismkey.com/fast_facts.htm WebMD. (n.d.). History of autism. Retrieved July 27, 2010, from http://www.webmd.com/brain/autism/history-of-autism British Columbia Ministry of Education. (2000). Teaching students with autism: A resource guide for schools. Retrieved July 27, 2010, from http://www.bced.gov.bc.ca/specialed/docs/autism.pdf Rudy, L. J. (2009, July 17). Top 10 facts about autism. Retrieved July 27, 2010, from http://autism.about.com/od/whatisautism/tp/topfacts.htm http://autism.about.com/od/whatisautism/tp/topfacts.htm Slade Helwig - DynaVox: Autism AAC success story. (n.d.). Retrieved July 27, 2010, from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5AwpWclyjYo Summer, a child with autism. (n.d.). Retrieved July 27, 2010, from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BB-0sXMk75s

19. Graphic/Picture References http://www.layoutsparks.com/1/211788/autism-colorful-bright- nice-31000.html http://www.servicedoghouse.com/images/autism_colored_puzzle.gif http://image3.examiner.com/images/blog/wysiwyg/image/autism _ribbon(1).jpg http://www.healthyfellow.com/images/2009/autism-rates.gif http://wwwimage.cbsnews.com/images/2007/02/08/image24490 92g.jpg http://www.helpyourautisticchildblog.com/wp- content/uploads/2008/03/puzzle1.gif http://autism.lovetoknow.com/Teaching_Methods_for_Autistic_C hildren http://www.fazliazeem.com/waad/a4ad.jpg http://blogs.scholastic.com/.a/6a00e54faaf86b883301156ecc708 0970c-320wi http://www.psychiatry.uiowa.edu/mhcrc/Images/Bleuler.gif