1. Review of The Literature
授課老師：任維廉
報告者：蕭宜家
2012/4/18

2. 作者介紹 John W. Creswell Professor of Educational Psychology
at University of Nebraska-Lincoln.
He specializes in qualitative and quantitative research designs and methods, multimethod research.

3. Outline The research topic The literature review
2.1 The use of the literature
2.2 Design Techniques
2.3 The definition of terms
2.4 A quantitative or mixed methods literature review
Summary

4. 1. The Research Topic
The topic is the subject or subject matter of proposed study.
Draft a brief title to the study
Try to complete this sentence, ”My study is about…”
Creating title
Be brief and avoid wasting words
Make sure it includes the topic of the study
Pose the topic as a brief question

5. 1. The Research Topic Whether the topic can and should be researched ?
If researcher have participants willing to serve in the study.
If investigators have resources to collect data and can analyze the information.
Should
Whether anyone outside the researcher’s own immediate institution or area would be interested in the topic.
Researcher’s personal goal

6. 2. The Literature Review
It shares with the reader the results of other studies.
It provides a framework for establishing the importance of the study as well as a benchmark for comparing the results with other findings.
Should be brief and summarize the major literature on the research problem.

7. 2.1 The Use of The Literature
Qualitative research
The literature is a manner consistent with the assumption of learning from the participant.
Need to be answered from the researcher’s standpoint.
Quantitative research
Provides direction for questions or hypotheses.
Introduce a problem or to describe the existing literature.
Compare finding.
Mixed methods study

8. 2.2 Design Techniques- Step in conducting a literature review
Identify key word.
Search the databases.
Try to find about 50 reports of research or books related to your topic.
Skim and duplicate those that central your topic.
Identify useful literature. (literature map)
Draft summaries of the most relevant articles.
Assemble the literature review

9. 2.2 Design Techniques- Search computerized databases
ERIC
Google scholar
Commercial database
ProQuest
Sociological abstracts
Social sciences citation index

10. 2.2 Design Techniques- A priority for selecting literature material
Journal article
Easiest to locate and duplicate
Dissertation
Quality
Difficult to read
Web
Easy to access
Online journals

11. 2.2 Design Techniques- A literature map of the research
Organize the literature
Build a visual picture of existing research
Way to organize the literature map
Type
Content
Hierarchical
Top-down
Flowchart
Left to right
Series of circles
Circle represents literature
The intersection of the circles

12. 2.2 Design Techniques- A literature map of the research

13. 2.2 Design Techniques- Abstracting studies
Mention the problem being addressed.
State the central purpose or focus of the study.
Briefly state information.
Review key results that relate to the proposed study.

14. 2.2 Design Techniques- Style manuals
Provide guidelines for creating a scholarly style of a manuscript.
In-text references
End-of-text references
Headings
Footnotes
Tables and figures

15. 2.3 The Definition of Terms
If there is any likelihood that readers don’t know the meaning.
When it first appears in the proposal.
Do not define the terms in everyday language.
Qualitative studies
Do not include the separate section
Quantitative studies
In the separate section
Mixed methods studies

16. 2.4 A Quantitative or Mixed Methods Literature Review
The literature be composed of 5 components
Introduction
independent variable
dependent variable
relates the independent variable to the depend variable
summary

17. 3. Summary Identify your topic Qualitative research
Literature helps substantiate the problem.
At the end of study.
Quantitative research
Not only helps substantiate the problem, but also suggests possible questions that needs to be addressed.
Separate section
Mixed methods research

18. 3. Summary Steps in conducting a literature review
Define the key terms

19. Thanks for Listening
Q&A